Improving Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Localized Bladder Cancer
In high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC), patient outcome is negatively affected by lack of response to <i>Bacillus-Calmette Guérin</i> (BCG) treatment. Lack of response to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cisplatin ineligibility reduces successful treatment...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/2800 |
| _version_ | 1797541874772213760 |
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| author | Florus C. de Jong Vera C. Rutten Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon Dan Theodorescu |
| author_facet | Florus C. de Jong Vera C. Rutten Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon Dan Theodorescu |
| author_sort | Florus C. de Jong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC), patient outcome is negatively affected by lack of response to <i>Bacillus-Calmette Guérin</i> (BCG) treatment. Lack of response to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cisplatin ineligibility reduces successful treatment outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. The effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in metastatic disease has stimulated its evaluation as a treatment option in HR-NMIBC and MIBC patients. However, the observed responses, immune-related adverse events and high costs associated with ICI have provided impetus for the development of methods to improve patient stratification, enhance anti-tumorigenic effects and reduce toxicity. Here, we review the challenges and opportunities offered by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition in HR-NMIBC and MIBC. We highlight the gaps in the field that need to be addressed to improve patient outcome including biomarkers for response stratification and potentially synergistic combination therapy regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:21:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-035b9d3bd094400782e4c4de90a55579 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:21:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-035b9d3bd094400782e4c4de90a555792023-11-21T09:55:05ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-03-01226280010.3390/ijms22062800Improving Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Localized Bladder CancerFlorus C. de Jong0Vera C. Rutten1Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon2Dan Theodorescu3Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsSamuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USAIn high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC), patient outcome is negatively affected by lack of response to <i>Bacillus-Calmette Guérin</i> (BCG) treatment. Lack of response to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cisplatin ineligibility reduces successful treatment outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. The effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in metastatic disease has stimulated its evaluation as a treatment option in HR-NMIBC and MIBC patients. However, the observed responses, immune-related adverse events and high costs associated with ICI have provided impetus for the development of methods to improve patient stratification, enhance anti-tumorigenic effects and reduce toxicity. Here, we review the challenges and opportunities offered by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition in HR-NMIBC and MIBC. We highlight the gaps in the field that need to be addressed to improve patient outcome including biomarkers for response stratification and potentially synergistic combination therapy regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/2800bladder cancerBCG-unresponsiveneoadjuvant chemotherapyimmune checkpoint inhibitionPD-1PD-L1 |
| spellingShingle | Florus C. de Jong Vera C. Rutten Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon Dan Theodorescu Improving Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Localized Bladder Cancer International Journal of Molecular Sciences bladder cancer BCG-unresponsive neoadjuvant chemotherapy immune checkpoint inhibition PD-1 PD-L1 |
| title | Improving Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Localized Bladder Cancer |
| title_full | Improving Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Localized Bladder Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Improving Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Localized Bladder Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Localized Bladder Cancer |
| title_short | Improving Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Localized Bladder Cancer |
| title_sort | improving anti pd 1 pd l1 therapy for localized bladder cancer |
| topic | bladder cancer BCG-unresponsive neoadjuvant chemotherapy immune checkpoint inhibition PD-1 PD-L1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/2800 |
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