Vitamin Compatibility with the Marek’s Disease Vaccine
<i>In ovo</i> injection of the Marek’s disease (MD) vaccine (MDV) has been widely practiced in commercial US hatcheries. However, the MDV is very sensitive and may not be compatible with some nutrients when administered together by <i>in ovo</i> injection. When individually a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Poultry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1164/2/4/33 |
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| author | Seyed Abolghasem Fatemi Christopher J. Williams Joshua Deines Edgar David Peebles |
| author_facet | Seyed Abolghasem Fatemi Christopher J. Williams Joshua Deines Edgar David Peebles |
| author_sort | Seyed Abolghasem Fatemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>In ovo</i> injection of the Marek’s disease (MD) vaccine (MDV) has been widely practiced in commercial US hatcheries. However, the MDV is very sensitive and may not be compatible with some nutrients when administered together by <i>in ovo</i> injection. When individually administered by <i>in ovo</i> injection, L-Ascorbic acid (L-AA) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (25OHD<sub>3</sub>) have previously exhibited very promising results on the post-hatch physiological and immunological characteristics of broilers subjected to stressful commercial conditions. However, the compatibility of the MDV with these vitamins has not been previously explored. Their compatibility must first be established before their combined administration by <i>in ovo</i> injection can be considered. Therefore, the objective in this study was to determine the compatibility of the MDV with various levels of 25OHD<sub>3</sub> or L-AA. The treatments employed were MDV-alone, MDV in combination with 0.6 (low) or 2.4 (high) μg doses of 25OHD<sub>3</sub>, or MDV in combination with 1.2 (low) or 12 (high) mg doses of L-AA. The live and dead ratio of primary chick embryo fibroblast cells infected by the MD virus (CEF-MDV) in each treatment was determined every 30 min for 2 h. The L-AA at both the low and high doses resulted in a 70% death of CEF-MDV within 1 h, but either dose of the 25OHD<sub>3</sub> exhibited only an approximate 5% lower CEF-MDV survival as compared to those in the MDV-alone treatment. Therefore, it is suggested that the two designated doses of 25OHD<sub>3</sub> have the potential to be effectively combined with the MDV for subsequent administration by <i>in ovo</i> injection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:24:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-03728466a55c479582aeacbc9caf457a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2674-1164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:24:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Poultry |
| spelling | doaj.art-03728466a55c479582aeacbc9caf457a2023-12-22T14:36:57ZengMDPI AGPoultry2674-11642023-09-012444244810.3390/poultry2040033Vitamin Compatibility with the Marek’s Disease VaccineSeyed Abolghasem Fatemi0Christopher J. Williams1Joshua Deines2Edgar David Peebles3Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USAZoetis Animal Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27703, USAZoetis Animal Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27703, USADepartment of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA<i>In ovo</i> injection of the Marek’s disease (MD) vaccine (MDV) has been widely practiced in commercial US hatcheries. However, the MDV is very sensitive and may not be compatible with some nutrients when administered together by <i>in ovo</i> injection. When individually administered by <i>in ovo</i> injection, L-Ascorbic acid (L-AA) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (25OHD<sub>3</sub>) have previously exhibited very promising results on the post-hatch physiological and immunological characteristics of broilers subjected to stressful commercial conditions. However, the compatibility of the MDV with these vitamins has not been previously explored. Their compatibility must first be established before their combined administration by <i>in ovo</i> injection can be considered. Therefore, the objective in this study was to determine the compatibility of the MDV with various levels of 25OHD<sub>3</sub> or L-AA. The treatments employed were MDV-alone, MDV in combination with 0.6 (low) or 2.4 (high) μg doses of 25OHD<sub>3</sub>, or MDV in combination with 1.2 (low) or 12 (high) mg doses of L-AA. The live and dead ratio of primary chick embryo fibroblast cells infected by the MD virus (CEF-MDV) in each treatment was determined every 30 min for 2 h. The L-AA at both the low and high doses resulted in a 70% death of CEF-MDV within 1 h, but either dose of the 25OHD<sub>3</sub> exhibited only an approximate 5% lower CEF-MDV survival as compared to those in the MDV-alone treatment. Therefore, it is suggested that the two designated doses of 25OHD<sub>3</sub> have the potential to be effectively combined with the MDV for subsequent administration by <i>in ovo</i> injection.https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1164/2/4/3325-hydroxycholecalciferolcompatibilityL-AA<i>in ovo</i> injectionMarek’s disease vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Seyed Abolghasem Fatemi Christopher J. Williams Joshua Deines Edgar David Peebles Vitamin Compatibility with the Marek’s Disease Vaccine Poultry 25-hydroxycholecalciferol compatibility L-AA <i>in ovo</i> injection Marek’s disease vaccine |
| title | Vitamin Compatibility with the Marek’s Disease Vaccine |
| title_full | Vitamin Compatibility with the Marek’s Disease Vaccine |
| title_fullStr | Vitamin Compatibility with the Marek’s Disease Vaccine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin Compatibility with the Marek’s Disease Vaccine |
| title_short | Vitamin Compatibility with the Marek’s Disease Vaccine |
| title_sort | vitamin compatibility with the marek s disease vaccine |
| topic | 25-hydroxycholecalciferol compatibility L-AA <i>in ovo</i> injection Marek’s disease vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1164/2/4/33 |
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