Sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala; an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of PTSD
Background and purpose: Men and women show different reactions to trauma and that is believed to be the reason behind the higher prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women. Cholinergic signaling has long been known to be involved in the processing of fear-related information and th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.rpsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-5362;year=2022;volume=17;issue=6;spage=686;epage=696;aulast=Mohammadi-Farani |
| _version_ | 1798018364802596864 |
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| author | Ahmad Mohammadi-Farani Sajad Farhangian Samira Shirooie |
| author_facet | Ahmad Mohammadi-Farani Sajad Farhangian Samira Shirooie |
| author_sort | Ahmad Mohammadi-Farani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and purpose: Men and women show different reactions to trauma and that is believed to be the reason behind the higher prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women. Cholinergic signaling has long been known to be involved in the processing of fear-related information and the amygdala is a critical center for fear modulation. The main goal of the current research was to find (a) whether trauma results in different learning/extinction of fear or spatial-related information among male and female rats and (b) if trauma is associated with different acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity in the amygdala.
Experimental approach: We used single prolonged stress (SPS) as a PTSD model in this study. Normal and SPS animals of both sexes were tested in contextual and spatial tasks (learning and extinction). AchE activity in the amygdala was also measured during each process.
Findings / Results: Results indicated that fear and spatial learning were impaired in SPS animals. SPS animals also had deficits in fear and spatial memory extinction and the effect was significantly higher in female- SPS than in the male-SPS group. In the enzymatic tests, AchE activity was increased during the fear extinction test and incremental changes were more significant in the female-SPS group.
Conclusion and implications: Collectively, these findings provided evidence that sex differences in response to trauma were at least partly related to less fear extinction potential in female subjects. It also indicated that the extinction deficit was associated with reduced cholinergic activity in the amygdala of female animals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:21:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-037dbce704704416936368d63aa2b2a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-5362 1735-9414 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:21:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-037dbce704704416936368d63aa2b2a22022-12-22T04:14:17ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsResearch in Pharmaceutical Sciences1735-53621735-94142022-01-0117668669610.4103/1735-5362.359435Sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala; an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of PTSDAhmad Mohammadi-FaraniSajad FarhangianSamira ShirooieBackground and purpose: Men and women show different reactions to trauma and that is believed to be the reason behind the higher prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women. Cholinergic signaling has long been known to be involved in the processing of fear-related information and the amygdala is a critical center for fear modulation. The main goal of the current research was to find (a) whether trauma results in different learning/extinction of fear or spatial-related information among male and female rats and (b) if trauma is associated with different acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity in the amygdala. Experimental approach: We used single prolonged stress (SPS) as a PTSD model in this study. Normal and SPS animals of both sexes were tested in contextual and spatial tasks (learning and extinction). AchE activity in the amygdala was also measured during each process. Findings / Results: Results indicated that fear and spatial learning were impaired in SPS animals. SPS animals also had deficits in fear and spatial memory extinction and the effect was significantly higher in female- SPS than in the male-SPS group. In the enzymatic tests, AchE activity was increased during the fear extinction test and incremental changes were more significant in the female-SPS group. Conclusion and implications: Collectively, these findings provided evidence that sex differences in response to trauma were at least partly related to less fear extinction potential in female subjects. It also indicated that the extinction deficit was associated with reduced cholinergic activity in the amygdala of female animals.http://www.rpsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-5362;year=2022;volume=17;issue=6;spage=686;epage=696;aulast=Mohammadi-Faraniacetylcholinesterase; amygdala; extinction; post-traumatic stress disorder; sex differences. |
| spellingShingle | Ahmad Mohammadi-Farani Sajad Farhangian Samira Shirooie Sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala; an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of PTSD Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences acetylcholinesterase; amygdala; extinction; post-traumatic stress disorder; sex differences. |
| title | Sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala; an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of PTSD |
| title_full | Sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala; an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of PTSD |
| title_fullStr | Sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala; an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of PTSD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala; an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of PTSD |
| title_short | Sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala; an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of PTSD |
| title_sort | sex differences in acetylcholinesterase modulation during spatial and fear memory extinction in the amygdala an animal study in the single prolonged stress model of ptsd |
| topic | acetylcholinesterase; amygdala; extinction; post-traumatic stress disorder; sex differences. |
| url | http://www.rpsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-5362;year=2022;volume=17;issue=6;spage=686;epage=696;aulast=Mohammadi-Farani |
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