Effect of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on methane production, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in vitro
Abstract The study evaluated the effect of adding of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) essential oil (NEO) as a feed additive on methane production, rumen fermentation parameters, rumen enzyme activity, and nutrient digestibility in vitro. This study was divided into three treatments based on the l...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52532-3 |
| _version_ | 1797275185955471360 |
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| author | Achmad Ezar Abdillah Dewi Sarah Aziz Aji Ardian Muhsin Al Anas Muhammad Anang Aprianto Chusnul Hanim Asih Kurniawati Muhlisin Lies Mira Yusiati |
| author_facet | Achmad Ezar Abdillah Dewi Sarah Aziz Aji Ardian Muhsin Al Anas Muhammad Anang Aprianto Chusnul Hanim Asih Kurniawati Muhlisin Lies Mira Yusiati |
| author_sort | Achmad Ezar Abdillah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The study evaluated the effect of adding of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) essential oil (NEO) as a feed additive on methane production, rumen fermentation parameters, rumen enzyme activity, and nutrient digestibility in vitro. This study was divided into three treatments based on the level of NEO addition, which included 0 µL/L (T0), 100 µL/L (T1), and 200 µL/L (T2). The feed substrate composition consisted of king grass as forage and concentrate in a 60:40 ratio. Feed fermentation was conducted using the Menke and Steingass gas production and two-step Tilley and Terry in-vitro digestibility technique. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and if there were differences between means, they were further assessed using DMRT. The results showed that T2 treatment significantly decreased (P < 0.05) ammonia (NH3) levels, total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, and microbial protein (P < 0.05). Methane production and the activity of rumen protease enzyme significantly decreased (P < 0.05) at T1 and T2 treatment. The T2 treatment significantly reduced (P < 0.05) protein digestibility (IVCPD) at 48 h, while IVCPD at 96 h significantly increased (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the addition of nutmeg essential oil did not effect the activity of the amylase, carboxymethyl cellulase, and β-glucosidase enzymes, as well as the in-vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD), crude fiber (IVCFD), and organic matter (IVOMD). The conclusion drawn from this study is that the optimum level for NEO is 200 µL/L, which can reduce methane production and increase crude protein digestibility at 96 h without any negative effect on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:10:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-03822f0894a545faad88038c8137f4d4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:10:42Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-03822f0894a545faad88038c8137f4d42024-03-05T18:39:04ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-02-011411910.1038/s41598-024-52532-3Effect of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on methane production, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in vitroAchmad Ezar Abdillah0Dewi Sarah1Aziz Aji Ardian2Muhsin Al Anas3Muhammad Anang Aprianto4Chusnul Hanim5Asih Kurniawati6Muhlisin7Lies Mira Yusiati8Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah MadaAbstract The study evaluated the effect of adding of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) essential oil (NEO) as a feed additive on methane production, rumen fermentation parameters, rumen enzyme activity, and nutrient digestibility in vitro. This study was divided into three treatments based on the level of NEO addition, which included 0 µL/L (T0), 100 µL/L (T1), and 200 µL/L (T2). The feed substrate composition consisted of king grass as forage and concentrate in a 60:40 ratio. Feed fermentation was conducted using the Menke and Steingass gas production and two-step Tilley and Terry in-vitro digestibility technique. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and if there were differences between means, they were further assessed using DMRT. The results showed that T2 treatment significantly decreased (P < 0.05) ammonia (NH3) levels, total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, and microbial protein (P < 0.05). Methane production and the activity of rumen protease enzyme significantly decreased (P < 0.05) at T1 and T2 treatment. The T2 treatment significantly reduced (P < 0.05) protein digestibility (IVCPD) at 48 h, while IVCPD at 96 h significantly increased (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the addition of nutmeg essential oil did not effect the activity of the amylase, carboxymethyl cellulase, and β-glucosidase enzymes, as well as the in-vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD), crude fiber (IVCFD), and organic matter (IVOMD). The conclusion drawn from this study is that the optimum level for NEO is 200 µL/L, which can reduce methane production and increase crude protein digestibility at 96 h without any negative effect on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52532-3 |
| spellingShingle | Achmad Ezar Abdillah Dewi Sarah Aziz Aji Ardian Muhsin Al Anas Muhammad Anang Aprianto Chusnul Hanim Asih Kurniawati Muhlisin Lies Mira Yusiati Effect of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on methane production, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in vitro Scientific Reports |
| title | Effect of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on methane production, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in vitro |
| title_full | Effect of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on methane production, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in vitro |
| title_fullStr | Effect of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on methane production, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on methane production, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in vitro |
| title_short | Effect of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on methane production, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in vitro |
| title_sort | effect of nutmeg essential oil myristica fragrans houtt on methane production rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility in vitro |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52532-3 |
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