Flexible changes to the Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae species
ABSTRACT The pathogenicity of a virus to a specific host species is an inerratic and describable ability of a virus to cause infection but is generally shaped by a variety of abiotic and biotic factors. In this investigation, the variations in pathogenicity of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02488-23 |
| _version_ | 1797393644836093952 |
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| author | Huan Yu Hong Chen Ni Li Chang-Jin Yang Hua-Yan Xiao Gong Chen Guo-Hua Huang |
| author_facet | Huan Yu Hong Chen Ni Li Chang-Jin Yang Hua-Yan Xiao Gong Chen Guo-Hua Huang |
| author_sort | Huan Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT The pathogenicity of a virus to a specific host species is an inerratic and describable ability of a virus to cause infection but is generally shaped by a variety of abiotic and biotic factors. In this investigation, the variations in pathogenicity of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) to five noctuid pests were assessed based on mass spectrometry analysis on the virion compositions. Twenty-nine common HvAV-3h proteins were shared across all hosts, and different flexible proteins were identified in the virions of each specific host. Different host proteins were identified as HvAV-3h virion-associated proteins, including different detoxification enzyme proteins. Furthermore, a relatively fixed relationship between viral replication and changes in host detoxification enzyme activity caused by deficiencies in various viral structural proteins was found in the host larvae using a correlation matrix analysis: the host larval carboxylesterase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases generally had highly similar responses to the viruses blocked by different structural proteins’ antisera and their effects on viral DNA replication. Different interaction patterns for the virion structural proteins were found in different host larvae-produced virions, and the interactions between Spodoptera litura glutathione S-transferases and viral structural proteins were confirmed. The different host responses after viral infection could be the reason for the changes in viral pathogenicity, while the virus responses gradually adapted to the different hosts and there were flexible changes in the virion structures. IMPORTANCE Different pathogenic processes of a virus in different hosts are related to the host individual differences, which makes the virus undergoes different survival pressures. Here, we found that the virions of an insect virus, Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h), had different protein composition when they were purified from different host larval species. These “adaptive changes” of the virions were analyzed in detail in this study, which mainly included the differences of the protein composition of virions and the differences in affinity between virions and different host proteins. The results of this study revealed the flexible changes of viruses to help themselves adapt to different hosts. Also, these interesting findings can provide new insights to improve our understanding of virus adaptability and virulence differentiation caused by the adaptation process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:05:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0385550ceeaf4331bfa7b2da985d1c23 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:05:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-0385550ceeaf4331bfa7b2da985d1c232023-12-12T13:17:19ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972023-12-0111610.1128/spectrum.02488-23Flexible changes to the Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae speciesHuan Yu0Hong Chen1Ni Li2Chang-Jin Yang3Hua-Yan Xiao4Gong Chen5Guo-Hua Huang6Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan, ChinaABSTRACT The pathogenicity of a virus to a specific host species is an inerratic and describable ability of a virus to cause infection but is generally shaped by a variety of abiotic and biotic factors. In this investigation, the variations in pathogenicity of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) to five noctuid pests were assessed based on mass spectrometry analysis on the virion compositions. Twenty-nine common HvAV-3h proteins were shared across all hosts, and different flexible proteins were identified in the virions of each specific host. Different host proteins were identified as HvAV-3h virion-associated proteins, including different detoxification enzyme proteins. Furthermore, a relatively fixed relationship between viral replication and changes in host detoxification enzyme activity caused by deficiencies in various viral structural proteins was found in the host larvae using a correlation matrix analysis: the host larval carboxylesterase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases generally had highly similar responses to the viruses blocked by different structural proteins’ antisera and their effects on viral DNA replication. Different interaction patterns for the virion structural proteins were found in different host larvae-produced virions, and the interactions between Spodoptera litura glutathione S-transferases and viral structural proteins were confirmed. The different host responses after viral infection could be the reason for the changes in viral pathogenicity, while the virus responses gradually adapted to the different hosts and there were flexible changes in the virion structures. IMPORTANCE Different pathogenic processes of a virus in different hosts are related to the host individual differences, which makes the virus undergoes different survival pressures. Here, we found that the virions of an insect virus, Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h), had different protein composition when they were purified from different host larval species. These “adaptive changes” of the virions were analyzed in detail in this study, which mainly included the differences of the protein composition of virions and the differences in affinity between virions and different host proteins. The results of this study revealed the flexible changes of viruses to help themselves adapt to different hosts. Also, these interesting findings can provide new insights to improve our understanding of virus adaptability and virulence differentiation caused by the adaptation process.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02488-23insect virusascovirusHeliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h)pathogenicitystructural protein |
| spellingShingle | Huan Yu Hong Chen Ni Li Chang-Jin Yang Hua-Yan Xiao Gong Chen Guo-Hua Huang Flexible changes to the Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae species Microbiology Spectrum insect virus ascovirus Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) pathogenicity structural protein |
| title | Flexible changes to the Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae species |
| title_full | Flexible changes to the Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae species |
| title_fullStr | Flexible changes to the Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flexible changes to the Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae species |
| title_short | Flexible changes to the Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae species |
| title_sort | flexible changes to the heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h hvav 3h virion components affect pathogenicity against different host larvae species |
| topic | insect virus ascovirus Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) pathogenicity structural protein |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02488-23 |
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