Associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia: a nested case–control study
Background The association between antipsychotics and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains significant yet unestablished, especially in Chinese populations.Objective To investigate the risk of CVDs associated with antipsychotics among Chinese individuals with schizophrenia.Methods We conducted a n...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2023-10-01
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| Series: | BMJ Mental Health |
| Online Access: | https://ebmh.bmj.com/content/26/1/e300501.full |
| _version_ | 1827392046879473664 |
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| author | Peng Peng Fang Tang Mingzhuo Li Jiqing Li Yujiao Chen Feifei Ma Shuang Ji Shihua Sun |
| author_facet | Peng Peng Fang Tang Mingzhuo Li Jiqing Li Yujiao Chen Feifei Ma Shuang Ji Shihua Sun |
| author_sort | Peng Peng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The association between antipsychotics and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains significant yet unestablished, especially in Chinese populations.Objective To investigate the risk of CVDs associated with antipsychotics among Chinese individuals with schizophrenia.Methods We conducted a nested case–control study on individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in Shandong, China. The case group included individuals diagnosed with incident CVDs between 2012 and 2020. Each case was randomly matched with up to three controls. We used weighted logistic regression models to assess the risk of CVDs associated with antipsychotics and restricted cubic spline analysis to explore the dose–response relationship.Findings In total, 2493 cases and 7478 matched controls were included in the analysis. Compared with non-users, any antipsychotics use was associated with higher risk of any CVDs (weighted OR=1.54, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.79), with the risk mainly driven by ischaemic heart diseases (weighted OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.71 to 2.99). Treatments with haloperidol, aripiprazole, quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone, sulpiride and chlorpromazine were associated with increased risk of CVDs. A non-linear dose–response relationship between dosage of antipsychotics and risk of CVDs was observed, with a sharp increase in risk in the beginning and then flattening out with higher doses.Conclusions Use of antipsychotics was associated with increased risk of incident CVDs among individuals with schizophrenia, and the risk varied substantially among different antipsychotics and specific CVDs.Clinical implications Clinicians should consider the cardiovascular risk of antipsychotics and choose the appropriate type and dose of drugs in the treatment of schizophrenia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:24:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0391f8c3963748619e420e34c1ca9ff8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2755-9734 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:24:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Mental Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-0391f8c3963748619e420e34c1ca9ff82024-01-02T23:15:08ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Mental Health2755-97342023-10-0126110.1136/bmjment-2022-300501Associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia: a nested case–control studyPeng Peng0Fang Tang1Mingzhuo Li2Jiqing Li3Yujiao Chen4Feifei Ma5Shuang Ji6Shihua Sun71 Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China1 Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China1 Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China3 Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China4 School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China1 Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China4 School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China5 Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenBackground The association between antipsychotics and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains significant yet unestablished, especially in Chinese populations.Objective To investigate the risk of CVDs associated with antipsychotics among Chinese individuals with schizophrenia.Methods We conducted a nested case–control study on individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in Shandong, China. The case group included individuals diagnosed with incident CVDs between 2012 and 2020. Each case was randomly matched with up to three controls. We used weighted logistic regression models to assess the risk of CVDs associated with antipsychotics and restricted cubic spline analysis to explore the dose–response relationship.Findings In total, 2493 cases and 7478 matched controls were included in the analysis. Compared with non-users, any antipsychotics use was associated with higher risk of any CVDs (weighted OR=1.54, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.79), with the risk mainly driven by ischaemic heart diseases (weighted OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.71 to 2.99). Treatments with haloperidol, aripiprazole, quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone, sulpiride and chlorpromazine were associated with increased risk of CVDs. A non-linear dose–response relationship between dosage of antipsychotics and risk of CVDs was observed, with a sharp increase in risk in the beginning and then flattening out with higher doses.Conclusions Use of antipsychotics was associated with increased risk of incident CVDs among individuals with schizophrenia, and the risk varied substantially among different antipsychotics and specific CVDs.Clinical implications Clinicians should consider the cardiovascular risk of antipsychotics and choose the appropriate type and dose of drugs in the treatment of schizophrenia.https://ebmh.bmj.com/content/26/1/e300501.full |
| spellingShingle | Peng Peng Fang Tang Mingzhuo Li Jiqing Li Yujiao Chen Feifei Ma Shuang Ji Shihua Sun Associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia: a nested case–control study BMJ Mental Health |
| title | Associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia: a nested case–control study |
| title_full | Associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia: a nested case–control study |
| title_fullStr | Associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia: a nested case–control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia: a nested case–control study |
| title_short | Associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia: a nested case–control study |
| title_sort | associations between antipsychotics and the risk of incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with schizophrenia a nested case control study |
| url | https://ebmh.bmj.com/content/26/1/e300501.full |
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