Sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species, Aipysurus eydouxii (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae)
Background Snakes exhibit sexual dimorphism in both head size and shape. Such differences are often attributed to different reproductive roles and feeding habits. We aim to investigate how sexual dimorphism is displayed in the highly specialised fish-egg-eating snake, Aipysurus eydouxii, by analysin...
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PeerJ Inc.
2021-04-01
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| author | Bartosz Borczyk Łukasz Paśko Jan Kusznierz Stanisław Bury |
| author_facet | Bartosz Borczyk Łukasz Paśko Jan Kusznierz Stanisław Bury |
| author_sort | Bartosz Borczyk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Snakes exhibit sexual dimorphism in both head size and shape. Such differences are often attributed to different reproductive roles and feeding habits. We aim to investigate how sexual dimorphism is displayed in the highly specialised fish-egg-eating snake, Aipysurus eydouxii, by analysing two complementary features: body size and skull morphology. Methods We used data on body length, weight, and skull shape from 27 measurements of 116 males and females of A. eydouxii. We investigated both sexual dimorphism and allometric (multivariate and bi-variate) properties of skull growth in the analysed data set. Results We found that although there was female-biased sexual size dimorphism in body length, females were not heavier than males, contrary to what is commonly observed pattern among snakes. Moreover, females tend to possess relatively smaller heads than males. However, we only found very subtle differences in skull shape reflected in nasal width, mandibular fossa, quadrate crest and quadrate length. Discussion We suggest that the feeding specialisation in A. eydouxii does not allow for an increase in body thickness and the size of the head above a certain threshold. Our results may be interpreted as support for prey-size divergence as a factor driving skull dimorphism since such species in which the sexes do not differ in prey size also shows very subtle or no differences in skull morphology. |
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| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:38:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-03abba6736ee43b3abcd710e807dc4422023-12-03T10:53:40ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592021-04-019e1131110.7717/peerj.11311Sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species, Aipysurus eydouxii (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae)Bartosz Borczyk0Łukasz Paśko1Jan Kusznierz2Stanisław Bury3Department of Evolutionary Biology and Conservation of Vertebrates, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Conservation of Vertebrates, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Conservation of Vertebrates, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, PolandBackground Snakes exhibit sexual dimorphism in both head size and shape. Such differences are often attributed to different reproductive roles and feeding habits. We aim to investigate how sexual dimorphism is displayed in the highly specialised fish-egg-eating snake, Aipysurus eydouxii, by analysing two complementary features: body size and skull morphology. Methods We used data on body length, weight, and skull shape from 27 measurements of 116 males and females of A. eydouxii. We investigated both sexual dimorphism and allometric (multivariate and bi-variate) properties of skull growth in the analysed data set. Results We found that although there was female-biased sexual size dimorphism in body length, females were not heavier than males, contrary to what is commonly observed pattern among snakes. Moreover, females tend to possess relatively smaller heads than males. However, we only found very subtle differences in skull shape reflected in nasal width, mandibular fossa, quadrate crest and quadrate length. Discussion We suggest that the feeding specialisation in A. eydouxii does not allow for an increase in body thickness and the size of the head above a certain threshold. Our results may be interpreted as support for prey-size divergence as a factor driving skull dimorphism since such species in which the sexes do not differ in prey size also shows very subtle or no differences in skull morphology.https://peerj.com/articles/11311.pdfSexual dimorphismAllometrySkullSpecializationFeeding nicheForaging |
| spellingShingle | Bartosz Borczyk Łukasz Paśko Jan Kusznierz Stanisław Bury Sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species, Aipysurus eydouxii (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) PeerJ Sexual dimorphism Allometry Skull Specialization Feeding niche Foraging |
| title | Sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species, Aipysurus eydouxii (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) |
| title_full | Sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species, Aipysurus eydouxii (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) |
| title_fullStr | Sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species, Aipysurus eydouxii (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species, Aipysurus eydouxii (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) |
| title_short | Sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species, Aipysurus eydouxii (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) |
| title_sort | sexual dimorphism and skull size and shape in the highly specialized snake species aipysurus eydouxii elapidae hydrophiinae |
| topic | Sexual dimorphism Allometry Skull Specialization Feeding niche Foraging |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/11311.pdf |
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