Analysis of Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals and Non-Point Source Pollution in Typical Areas of Tethys Himalayan Tectonic Domain
Due to their potential toxicity and non-degradability, heavy metals pose water and soil quality and safety challenges, impacting crop growth and the ecological environment. The contamination of heavy metals (HMs) and non-point source pollution from agriculture and pastoral presents significant ecolo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/2/291 |
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| author | Jialu An Xinjie Zha Hongcai Wang Liyuan Deng Yizhuo Yang Yi Wang Jin Di Wenya Zhao |
| author_facet | Jialu An Xinjie Zha Hongcai Wang Liyuan Deng Yizhuo Yang Yi Wang Jin Di Wenya Zhao |
| author_sort | Jialu An |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to their potential toxicity and non-degradability, heavy metals pose water and soil quality and safety challenges, impacting crop growth and the ecological environment. The contamination of heavy metals (HMs) and non-point source pollution from agriculture and pastoral presents significant ecological and environmental challenges, necessitating prioritized prevention and mitigation. In this study, 44 water samples and 55 soil samples from Gangba County, a typical agricultural and pastoral area in the Tethys Himalaya tectonic domain, served as research objects. We employed various methods, including the inverse distance weighting, ecological risk assessment model, redundancy analysis, and geographical detector modeling, to investigate the spatial distribution and pollution attributes of arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Our analysis considered the impact of soil physicochemical properties on heavy metals (HMs), elucidating factors influencing their spatial distribution. Results indicated that 65.46% of soil As in the study area exceeded the screening value, while the concentrations of the eight selected elements in water remained below the standard limit. Simultaneously, the study area exhibited low overall ecological risk and minimal HM pollution. Furthermore, As and Pb were primarily linked to human activities and the environment, while Cd, Cr, and Ni were predominantly associated with natural processes. Additionally, factors, such as per capita net income, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, geomorphic type, organic matter, geology type, and soil texture (sand, silt, and clay) constituted primary controlling factors influencing the spatial distribution of HMs in soil. Therefore, for effective prevention and control of HMs and non-point source pollution in agriculture and pastoral, arsenic should be the primary monitoring target, with careful consideration given to the application rates of fertilizers containing N, P, and K to facilitate sustainable development of the ecological environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:32:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-03b1972fb98e4051b81c2c35a5985876 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:32:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-03b1972fb98e4051b81c2c35a59858762024-01-26T18:51:40ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412024-01-0116229110.3390/w16020291Analysis of Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals and Non-Point Source Pollution in Typical Areas of Tethys Himalayan Tectonic DomainJialu An0Xinjie Zha1Hongcai Wang2Liyuan Deng3Yizhuo Yang4Yi Wang5Jin Di6Wenya Zhao7School of Statistics, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, ChinaSchool of Information, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, ChinaSchool of Statistics, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, ChinaSchool of Statistics, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, ChinaSchool of Statistics, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, ChinaSchool of Statistics, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, ChinaSchool of Statistics, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, ChinaSchool of Statistics, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, ChinaDue to their potential toxicity and non-degradability, heavy metals pose water and soil quality and safety challenges, impacting crop growth and the ecological environment. The contamination of heavy metals (HMs) and non-point source pollution from agriculture and pastoral presents significant ecological and environmental challenges, necessitating prioritized prevention and mitigation. In this study, 44 water samples and 55 soil samples from Gangba County, a typical agricultural and pastoral area in the Tethys Himalaya tectonic domain, served as research objects. We employed various methods, including the inverse distance weighting, ecological risk assessment model, redundancy analysis, and geographical detector modeling, to investigate the spatial distribution and pollution attributes of arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Our analysis considered the impact of soil physicochemical properties on heavy metals (HMs), elucidating factors influencing their spatial distribution. Results indicated that 65.46% of soil As in the study area exceeded the screening value, while the concentrations of the eight selected elements in water remained below the standard limit. Simultaneously, the study area exhibited low overall ecological risk and minimal HM pollution. Furthermore, As and Pb were primarily linked to human activities and the environment, while Cd, Cr, and Ni were predominantly associated with natural processes. Additionally, factors, such as per capita net income, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, geomorphic type, organic matter, geology type, and soil texture (sand, silt, and clay) constituted primary controlling factors influencing the spatial distribution of HMs in soil. Therefore, for effective prevention and control of HMs and non-point source pollution in agriculture and pastoral, arsenic should be the primary monitoring target, with careful consideration given to the application rates of fertilizers containing N, P, and K to facilitate sustainable development of the ecological environment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/2/291non-point source pollutionheavy metalsnutrient elementsdriving factorsQinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| spellingShingle | Jialu An Xinjie Zha Hongcai Wang Liyuan Deng Yizhuo Yang Yi Wang Jin Di Wenya Zhao Analysis of Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals and Non-Point Source Pollution in Typical Areas of Tethys Himalayan Tectonic Domain Water non-point source pollution heavy metals nutrient elements driving factors Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| title | Analysis of Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals and Non-Point Source Pollution in Typical Areas of Tethys Himalayan Tectonic Domain |
| title_full | Analysis of Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals and Non-Point Source Pollution in Typical Areas of Tethys Himalayan Tectonic Domain |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals and Non-Point Source Pollution in Typical Areas of Tethys Himalayan Tectonic Domain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals and Non-Point Source Pollution in Typical Areas of Tethys Himalayan Tectonic Domain |
| title_short | Analysis of Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals and Non-Point Source Pollution in Typical Areas of Tethys Himalayan Tectonic Domain |
| title_sort | analysis of influencing factors of heavy metals and non point source pollution in typical areas of tethys himalayan tectonic domain |
| topic | non-point source pollution heavy metals nutrient elements driving factors Qinghai–Tibet Plateau |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/2/291 |
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