Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca Beverages
Ayahuasca is a beverage consumed at shamanic ceremonies and currently has gained popularity on recreational scenarios. It contains beta-carboline alkaloids and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyltryptamine, which possesses hallucinogenic effects. Only a few studies have elicited the p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/23/5594 |
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| author | Ana Y. Simão Joana Gonçalves Ana Gradillas Antonia García José Restolho Nicolás Fernández Jesus M. Rodilla Mário Barroso Ana Paula Duarte Ana C. Cristóvão Eugenia Gallardo |
| author_facet | Ana Y. Simão Joana Gonçalves Ana Gradillas Antonia García José Restolho Nicolás Fernández Jesus M. Rodilla Mário Barroso Ana Paula Duarte Ana C. Cristóvão Eugenia Gallardo |
| author_sort | Ana Y. Simão |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ayahuasca is a beverage consumed at shamanic ceremonies and currently has gained popularity on recreational scenarios. It contains beta-carboline alkaloids and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyltryptamine, which possesses hallucinogenic effects. Only a few studies have elicited the psychoactive effects and the dose of such compounds on neurological dopaminergic cells or animals. In this work, we aimed to study the cytotoxic effects of these compounds present in ayahuasca beverages and on five different teas (<i>Banisteriopsis caapi</i>, <i>Psychotria viridis</i>, <i>Peganum harmala</i>, <i>Mimosa tenuiflora</i> and Dc Ab (commercial name)) preparations on dopaminergic immortalized cell lines. Moreover, a characterization of the derivative alkaloids was also performed. All the extracts were characterized by chromatographic systems and the effect of those compounds in cell viability and total protein levels were analyzed in N27 dopaminergic neurons cell line. This is the first article where cytotoxicity of ayahuasca tea is studied on neurological dopaminergic cells. Overall, results showed that both cell viability and protein contents decreased when cells were exposed to the individual compounds, as well as to the teas and to the two mixtures based on the traditional ayahuasca beverages. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:28:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-03b57ad1763344cf9edd3d29d837d288 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:28:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-03b57ad1763344cf9edd3d29d837d2882023-11-20T22:42:04ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-11-012523559410.3390/molecules25235594Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca BeveragesAna Y. Simão0Joana Gonçalves1Ana Gradillas2Antonia García3José Restolho4Nicolás Fernández5Jesus M. Rodilla6Mário Barroso7Ana Paula Duarte8Ana C. Cristóvão9Eugenia Gallardo10Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCEMBIO, Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, SpainCEMBIO, Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCátedra de Toxicología y Química Legal, Laboratorio de Asesoramiento Toxicológico Analítico (CENATOXA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Buenos Aires C1113AAD, ArgentinaMateriais Fibrosos e Tecnologias Ambientais—FibEnTech, Departamento de Química, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, PortugalInstituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, Serviço de Química e Toxicologia Forenses, Delegação do Sul, Rua Manuel Bento de Sousa n.°3, 1169-201 Lisboa, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalAyahuasca is a beverage consumed at shamanic ceremonies and currently has gained popularity on recreational scenarios. It contains beta-carboline alkaloids and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyltryptamine, which possesses hallucinogenic effects. Only a few studies have elicited the psychoactive effects and the dose of such compounds on neurological dopaminergic cells or animals. In this work, we aimed to study the cytotoxic effects of these compounds present in ayahuasca beverages and on five different teas (<i>Banisteriopsis caapi</i>, <i>Psychotria viridis</i>, <i>Peganum harmala</i>, <i>Mimosa tenuiflora</i> and Dc Ab (commercial name)) preparations on dopaminergic immortalized cell lines. Moreover, a characterization of the derivative alkaloids was also performed. All the extracts were characterized by chromatographic systems and the effect of those compounds in cell viability and total protein levels were analyzed in N27 dopaminergic neurons cell line. This is the first article where cytotoxicity of ayahuasca tea is studied on neurological dopaminergic cells. Overall, results showed that both cell viability and protein contents decreased when cells were exposed to the individual compounds, as well as to the teas and to the two mixtures based on the traditional ayahuasca beverages.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/23/5594ayahuascacytotoxicitymesencephalic dopaminergic neurons<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyltryptaminebeta-carboline alkaloids |
| spellingShingle | Ana Y. Simão Joana Gonçalves Ana Gradillas Antonia García José Restolho Nicolás Fernández Jesus M. Rodilla Mário Barroso Ana Paula Duarte Ana C. Cristóvão Eugenia Gallardo Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca Beverages Molecules ayahuasca cytotoxicity mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyltryptamine beta-carboline alkaloids |
| title | Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca Beverages |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca Beverages |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca Beverages |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca Beverages |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca Beverages |
| title_sort | evaluation of the cytotoxicity of ayahuasca beverages |
| topic | ayahuasca cytotoxicity mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyltryptamine beta-carboline alkaloids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/23/5594 |
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