The Relationship between Anxiety, Subjective and Objective Sleep, Chronotype and Circadian Rhythms with Depressive Symptoms in Insomnia Disorder
Insomnia is a highly prevalent sleep disorder with strong bidirectional associations with depressive symptoms. The circadian preference for eveningness has been shown to be associated with depressive symptoms in insomnia and other mental health conditions. However, there is a lack of studies in inso...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/4/613 |
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| author | Maria Comas Alejandra Solis Flores Nicole Lovato Christopher B. Miller Delwyn J. Bartlett Ronald R. Grunstein Julia Chapman Christopher J. Gordon |
| author_facet | Maria Comas Alejandra Solis Flores Nicole Lovato Christopher B. Miller Delwyn J. Bartlett Ronald R. Grunstein Julia Chapman Christopher J. Gordon |
| author_sort | Maria Comas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Insomnia is a highly prevalent sleep disorder with strong bidirectional associations with depressive symptoms. The circadian preference for eveningness has been shown to be associated with depressive symptoms in insomnia and other mental health conditions. However, there is a lack of studies in insomnia investigating whether objective measures, such as dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) or polysomnographic (PSG) sleep, are associated with depressive symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the associations between subjective measures (questionnaires assessing anxiety, sleep quality and circadian preference, and sleep diary) and depressive symptoms and whether the addition of objective measures (DLMO, PSG parameters) would strengthen the associations with depressive symptoms. In 115 insomnia disorder patients we found that anxiety was strongly associated with depressive symptoms in a model including circadian preference, dysfunctional beliefs of sleep, and self-reported previous depressive symptoms (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.496, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The addition of sleep diary measures did not strengthen the model. We also found that the addition of objective measures (DLMO, PSG parameters) did not improve the subjective associations with depressive symptoms. Our data suggest that objective circadian markers are less important in the prediction of depressive symptoms in insomnia compared to subjective measures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:10:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-03e88d6fb389467b9192ce41478fa147 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:10:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-03e88d6fb389467b9192ce41478fa1472023-11-17T18:32:39ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252023-04-0113461310.3390/brainsci13040613The Relationship between Anxiety, Subjective and Objective Sleep, Chronotype and Circadian Rhythms with Depressive Symptoms in Insomnia DisorderMaria Comas0Alejandra Solis Flores1Nicole Lovato2Christopher B. Miller3Delwyn J. Bartlett4Ronald R. Grunstein5Julia Chapman6Christopher J. Gordon7CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, AustraliaCIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, AustraliaFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute Sleep Health (Formally Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health: A Flinders Centre of Research Excellence), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Sturt Rd., Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, AustraliaBig Health Inc., 461 Bush St. #200, San Francisco, CA 94108, USACIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, AustraliaCIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, AustraliaCIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, AustraliaCIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, AustraliaInsomnia is a highly prevalent sleep disorder with strong bidirectional associations with depressive symptoms. The circadian preference for eveningness has been shown to be associated with depressive symptoms in insomnia and other mental health conditions. However, there is a lack of studies in insomnia investigating whether objective measures, such as dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) or polysomnographic (PSG) sleep, are associated with depressive symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the associations between subjective measures (questionnaires assessing anxiety, sleep quality and circadian preference, and sleep diary) and depressive symptoms and whether the addition of objective measures (DLMO, PSG parameters) would strengthen the associations with depressive symptoms. In 115 insomnia disorder patients we found that anxiety was strongly associated with depressive symptoms in a model including circadian preference, dysfunctional beliefs of sleep, and self-reported previous depressive symptoms (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.496, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The addition of sleep diary measures did not strengthen the model. We also found that the addition of objective measures (DLMO, PSG parameters) did not improve the subjective associations with depressive symptoms. Our data suggest that objective circadian markers are less important in the prediction of depressive symptoms in insomnia compared to subjective measures.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/4/613anxietychronotypecircadian preferencedepressive symptomsinsomniamelatonin |
| spellingShingle | Maria Comas Alejandra Solis Flores Nicole Lovato Christopher B. Miller Delwyn J. Bartlett Ronald R. Grunstein Julia Chapman Christopher J. Gordon The Relationship between Anxiety, Subjective and Objective Sleep, Chronotype and Circadian Rhythms with Depressive Symptoms in Insomnia Disorder Brain Sciences anxiety chronotype circadian preference depressive symptoms insomnia melatonin |
| title | The Relationship between Anxiety, Subjective and Objective Sleep, Chronotype and Circadian Rhythms with Depressive Symptoms in Insomnia Disorder |
| title_full | The Relationship between Anxiety, Subjective and Objective Sleep, Chronotype and Circadian Rhythms with Depressive Symptoms in Insomnia Disorder |
| title_fullStr | The Relationship between Anxiety, Subjective and Objective Sleep, Chronotype and Circadian Rhythms with Depressive Symptoms in Insomnia Disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship between Anxiety, Subjective and Objective Sleep, Chronotype and Circadian Rhythms with Depressive Symptoms in Insomnia Disorder |
| title_short | The Relationship between Anxiety, Subjective and Objective Sleep, Chronotype and Circadian Rhythms with Depressive Symptoms in Insomnia Disorder |
| title_sort | relationship between anxiety subjective and objective sleep chronotype and circadian rhythms with depressive symptoms in insomnia disorder |
| topic | anxiety chronotype circadian preference depressive symptoms insomnia melatonin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/4/613 |
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