Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction
Torrefaction tests on miscanthus and white oak sawdust were conducted in a bubbling sand bed reactor to see the effect of temperature and residence time on the chemical composition. Process conditions for miscanthus and white oak sawdust were 250–350 °C for 30&ndash...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2012-10-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/5/10/3928 |
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| author | J. Richard Hess Christopher T. Wright Richard D. Boardman Jaya Shankar Tumuluru |
| author_facet | J. Richard Hess Christopher T. Wright Richard D. Boardman Jaya Shankar Tumuluru |
| author_sort | J. Richard Hess |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Torrefaction tests on miscanthus and white oak sawdust were conducted in a bubbling sand bed reactor to see the effect of temperature and residence time on the chemical composition. Process conditions for miscanthus and white oak sawdust were 250–350 °C for 30–120 min and 220–270 °C for 30 min, respectively. Torrefaction of miscanthus at 250 °C and a residence time of 30 min resulted in a significant decrease in moisture—about 82.68%—but the other components—hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and volatiles—changed only marginally. Increasing torrefaction temperatures to 350 °C with a residence time of 120 min further reduced the moisture content to 0.54%, with a significant decrease in the hydrogen, nitrogen, and volatiles by 58.29%, 14.28%, and 70.45%, respectively. Regression equations developed for the moisture, hydrogen, nitrogen, and volatile content of the samples with respect to torrefaction temperature and time have adequately described the changes in chemical composition based on R2 values of >0.82. Surface plots based on the regression equation indicate that torrefaction temperatures of 280–350 °C with residence times of 30–120 min can help reduce moisture, nitrogen, and volatile content from 1.13% to 0.6%, 0.27% to 0.23%, and 79% to 23%, with respect to initial values. Trends of chemical compositional changes in white oak sawdust are similar to miscanthus. Torrefaction temperatures of 270 °C and a 30 min residence time reduced the moisture, volatiles, hydrogen, and nitrogen content by about 79%, 17.88%, 20%, and 5.88%, respectively, whereas the carbon content increased by about 3.5%. |
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| id | doaj.art-03f8206dc2be4ad58e47e306bfbded06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:59:07Z |
| publishDate | 2012-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-03f8206dc2be4ad58e47e306bfbded062022-12-22T04:01:00ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732012-10-015103928394710.3390/en5103928Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during TorrefactionJ. Richard HessChristopher T. WrightRichard D. BoardmanJaya Shankar TumuluruTorrefaction tests on miscanthus and white oak sawdust were conducted in a bubbling sand bed reactor to see the effect of temperature and residence time on the chemical composition. Process conditions for miscanthus and white oak sawdust were 250–350 °C for 30–120 min and 220–270 °C for 30 min, respectively. Torrefaction of miscanthus at 250 °C and a residence time of 30 min resulted in a significant decrease in moisture—about 82.68%—but the other components—hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and volatiles—changed only marginally. Increasing torrefaction temperatures to 350 °C with a residence time of 120 min further reduced the moisture content to 0.54%, with a significant decrease in the hydrogen, nitrogen, and volatiles by 58.29%, 14.28%, and 70.45%, respectively. Regression equations developed for the moisture, hydrogen, nitrogen, and volatile content of the samples with respect to torrefaction temperature and time have adequately described the changes in chemical composition based on R2 values of >0.82. Surface plots based on the regression equation indicate that torrefaction temperatures of 280–350 °C with residence times of 30–120 min can help reduce moisture, nitrogen, and volatile content from 1.13% to 0.6%, 0.27% to 0.23%, and 79% to 23%, with respect to initial values. Trends of chemical compositional changes in white oak sawdust are similar to miscanthus. Torrefaction temperatures of 270 °C and a 30 min residence time reduced the moisture, volatiles, hydrogen, and nitrogen content by about 79%, 17.88%, 20%, and 5.88%, respectively, whereas the carbon content increased by about 3.5%.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/5/10/3928miscanthuswhite oak sawdusttorrefactiontemperaturetimechemical composition |
| spellingShingle | J. Richard Hess Christopher T. Wright Richard D. Boardman Jaya Shankar Tumuluru Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction Energies miscanthus white oak sawdust torrefaction temperature time chemical composition |
| title | Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction |
| title_full | Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction |
| title_fullStr | Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction |
| title_short | Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction |
| title_sort | some chemical compositional changes in miscanthus and white oak sawdust samples during torrefaction |
| topic | miscanthus white oak sawdust torrefaction temperature time chemical composition |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/5/10/3928 |
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