Refractory Bilateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscesses in a Patient with Iatrogenic Hypogammaglobulinemia
Genital mycoplasmas are sexually transmitted Mollicutes with a high prevalence of urogenital tract colonization among females of reproductive age. Current guidelines recommend against routine screening for these organisms, since their role in the pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease and tubo-...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/22/3478 |
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| author | Elizabeth J. Klein Nouf K. Almaghlouth Gabriela Weigel Dimitrios Farmakiotis Erica Hardy |
| author_facet | Elizabeth J. Klein Nouf K. Almaghlouth Gabriela Weigel Dimitrios Farmakiotis Erica Hardy |
| author_sort | Elizabeth J. Klein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Genital mycoplasmas are sexually transmitted Mollicutes with a high prevalence of urogenital tract colonization among females of reproductive age. Current guidelines recommend against routine screening for these organisms, since their role in the pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease and tubo-ovarian abscesses (TOAs) remains unclear. However, genital mycoplasmas harbor pathogenic potential in immunocompromised hosts, especially patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. It is important to identify such infections early, given their potential for invasive spread and the availability of easily accessible treatments. We present a young adult female with multiple sclerosis and iatrogenic hypogammaglobulinemia, with refractory, bilateral pelvic inflammatory disease and TOAs due to <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum</i>, identified as a single pathogen via three distinct molecular tests. To our knowledge, this is the second case of TOAs caused by <i>U. urealyticum</i> in the literature, and the first diagnosed by pathogen cell-free DNA metagenomic next-generation sequencing in plasma. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:53:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0410d3e21fd044839ff11333a1797262 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:53:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0410d3e21fd044839ff11333a17972622023-11-24T14:37:46ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-11-011322347810.3390/diagnostics13223478Refractory Bilateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscesses in a Patient with Iatrogenic HypogammaglobulinemiaElizabeth J. Klein0Nouf K. Almaghlouth1Gabriela Weigel2Dimitrios Farmakiotis3Erica Hardy4Division of Infectious Diseases, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USADivision of Infectious Diseases, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USADivision of Infectious Diseases, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USADivisions of Obstetric Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02905, USAGenital mycoplasmas are sexually transmitted Mollicutes with a high prevalence of urogenital tract colonization among females of reproductive age. Current guidelines recommend against routine screening for these organisms, since their role in the pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease and tubo-ovarian abscesses (TOAs) remains unclear. However, genital mycoplasmas harbor pathogenic potential in immunocompromised hosts, especially patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. It is important to identify such infections early, given their potential for invasive spread and the availability of easily accessible treatments. We present a young adult female with multiple sclerosis and iatrogenic hypogammaglobulinemia, with refractory, bilateral pelvic inflammatory disease and TOAs due to <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum</i>, identified as a single pathogen via three distinct molecular tests. To our knowledge, this is the second case of TOAs caused by <i>U. urealyticum</i> in the literature, and the first diagnosed by pathogen cell-free DNA metagenomic next-generation sequencing in plasma.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/22/3478<i>Ureaplasma</i>Mollicuteshypogammaglobulinemiacell-free DNAnext-generation sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Elizabeth J. Klein Nouf K. Almaghlouth Gabriela Weigel Dimitrios Farmakiotis Erica Hardy Refractory Bilateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscesses in a Patient with Iatrogenic Hypogammaglobulinemia Diagnostics <i>Ureaplasma</i> Mollicutes hypogammaglobulinemia cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing |
| title | Refractory Bilateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscesses in a Patient with Iatrogenic Hypogammaglobulinemia |
| title_full | Refractory Bilateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscesses in a Patient with Iatrogenic Hypogammaglobulinemia |
| title_fullStr | Refractory Bilateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscesses in a Patient with Iatrogenic Hypogammaglobulinemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Refractory Bilateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscesses in a Patient with Iatrogenic Hypogammaglobulinemia |
| title_short | Refractory Bilateral Tubo-Ovarian Abscesses in a Patient with Iatrogenic Hypogammaglobulinemia |
| title_sort | refractory bilateral tubo ovarian abscesses in a patient with iatrogenic hypogammaglobulinemia |
| topic | <i>Ureaplasma</i> Mollicutes hypogammaglobulinemia cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/22/3478 |
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