Phenotypes in Gambling Disorder Using Sociodemographic and Clinical Clustering Analysis: An Unidentified New Subtype?
Background: Gambling disorder (GD) is a heterogeneous disorder which has clinical manifestations that vary according to variables in each individual. Considering the importance of the application of specific therapeutic interventions, it is essential to obtain clinical classifications based on diffe...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00173/full |
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| author | Susana Jiménez-Murcia Susana Jiménez-Murcia Susana Jiménez-Murcia Roser Granero Roser Granero Fernando Fernández-Aranda Fernando Fernández-Aranda Fernando Fernández-Aranda Randy Stinchfield Joel Tremblay Trevor Steward Trevor Steward Gemma Mestre-Bach Gemma Mestre-Bach María Lozano-Madrid María Lozano-Madrid Teresa Mena-Moreno Teresa Mena-Moreno Núria Mallorquí-Bagué Núria Mallorquí-Bagué José C. Perales José C. Perales Juan F. Navas Juan F. Navas Carles Soriano-Mas Carles Soriano-Mas Carles Soriano-Mas Neus Aymamí Mónica Gómez-Peña Zaida Agüera Zaida Agüera Amparo del Pino-Gutiérrez Virginia Martín-Romera José M. Menchón José M. Menchón José M. Menchón |
| author_facet | Susana Jiménez-Murcia Susana Jiménez-Murcia Susana Jiménez-Murcia Roser Granero Roser Granero Fernando Fernández-Aranda Fernando Fernández-Aranda Fernando Fernández-Aranda Randy Stinchfield Joel Tremblay Trevor Steward Trevor Steward Gemma Mestre-Bach Gemma Mestre-Bach María Lozano-Madrid María Lozano-Madrid Teresa Mena-Moreno Teresa Mena-Moreno Núria Mallorquí-Bagué Núria Mallorquí-Bagué José C. Perales José C. Perales Juan F. Navas Juan F. Navas Carles Soriano-Mas Carles Soriano-Mas Carles Soriano-Mas Neus Aymamí Mónica Gómez-Peña Zaida Agüera Zaida Agüera Amparo del Pino-Gutiérrez Virginia Martín-Romera José M. Menchón José M. Menchón José M. Menchón |
| author_sort | Susana Jiménez-Murcia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Gambling disorder (GD) is a heterogeneous disorder which has clinical manifestations that vary according to variables in each individual. Considering the importance of the application of specific therapeutic interventions, it is essential to obtain clinical classifications based on differentiated phenotypes for patients diagnosed with GD.Objectives: To identify gambling profiles in a large clinical sample of n = 2,570 patients seeking treatment for GD.Methods: An agglomerative hierarchical clustering method defining a combination of the Schwarz Bayesian Information Criterion and log-likelihood was used, considering a large set of variables including sociodemographic, gambling, psychopathological, and personality measures as indicators.Results: Three-mutually-exclusive groups were obtained. Cluster 1 (n = 908 participants, 35.5%), labeled as “high emotional distress,” included the oldest patients with the longest illness duration, the highest GD severity, and the most severe levels of psychopathology. Cluster 2 (n = 1,555, 60.5%), labeled as “mild emotional distress,” included patients with the lowest levels of GD severity and the lowest levels of psychopathology. Cluster 3 (n = 107, 4.2%), labeled as “moderate emotional distress,” included the youngest patients with the shortest illness duration, the highest level of education and moderate levels of psychopathology.Conclusion: In this study, the general psychopathological state obtained the highest importance for clustering. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:28:45Z |
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| id | doaj.art-0413dc72ddd34cbca6ea57463536a53b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:28:45Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-0413dc72ddd34cbca6ea57463536a53b2022-12-22T01:23:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402019-03-011010.3389/fpsyt.2019.00173423010Phenotypes in Gambling Disorder Using Sociodemographic and Clinical Clustering Analysis: An Unidentified New Subtype?Susana Jiménez-Murcia0Susana Jiménez-Murcia1Susana Jiménez-Murcia2Roser Granero3Roser Granero4Fernando Fernández-Aranda5Fernando Fernández-Aranda6Fernando Fernández-Aranda7Randy Stinchfield8Joel Tremblay9Trevor Steward10Trevor Steward11Gemma Mestre-Bach12Gemma Mestre-Bach13María Lozano-Madrid14María Lozano-Madrid15Teresa Mena-Moreno16Teresa Mena-Moreno17Núria Mallorquí-Bagué18Núria Mallorquí-Bagué19José C. Perales20José C. Perales21Juan F. Navas22Juan F. Navas23Carles Soriano-Mas24Carles Soriano-Mas25Carles Soriano-Mas26Neus Aymamí27Mónica Gómez-Peña28Zaida Agüera29Zaida Agüera30Amparo del Pino-Gutiérrez31Virginia Martín-Romera32José M. Menchón33José M. Menchón34José M. Menchón35Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United StatesDépartement de Psychoéducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, SpainBrain, Mind and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, SpainDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, SpainBrain, Mind and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCiber de Salud Mental, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainCiber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain0Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Maternoinfantil, Escola Universitària d'Infermeria, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain1Department of Psychology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCiber de Salud Mental, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainBackground: Gambling disorder (GD) is a heterogeneous disorder which has clinical manifestations that vary according to variables in each individual. Considering the importance of the application of specific therapeutic interventions, it is essential to obtain clinical classifications based on differentiated phenotypes for patients diagnosed with GD.Objectives: To identify gambling profiles in a large clinical sample of n = 2,570 patients seeking treatment for GD.Methods: An agglomerative hierarchical clustering method defining a combination of the Schwarz Bayesian Information Criterion and log-likelihood was used, considering a large set of variables including sociodemographic, gambling, psychopathological, and personality measures as indicators.Results: Three-mutually-exclusive groups were obtained. Cluster 1 (n = 908 participants, 35.5%), labeled as “high emotional distress,” included the oldest patients with the longest illness duration, the highest GD severity, and the most severe levels of psychopathology. Cluster 2 (n = 1,555, 60.5%), labeled as “mild emotional distress,” included patients with the lowest levels of GD severity and the lowest levels of psychopathology. Cluster 3 (n = 107, 4.2%), labeled as “moderate emotional distress,” included the youngest patients with the shortest illness duration, the highest level of education and moderate levels of psychopathology.Conclusion: In this study, the general psychopathological state obtained the highest importance for clustering.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00173/fullgambling disorderclusteringpersonality traitspsychopathologyseverity |
| spellingShingle | Susana Jiménez-Murcia Susana Jiménez-Murcia Susana Jiménez-Murcia Roser Granero Roser Granero Fernando Fernández-Aranda Fernando Fernández-Aranda Fernando Fernández-Aranda Randy Stinchfield Joel Tremblay Trevor Steward Trevor Steward Gemma Mestre-Bach Gemma Mestre-Bach María Lozano-Madrid María Lozano-Madrid Teresa Mena-Moreno Teresa Mena-Moreno Núria Mallorquí-Bagué Núria Mallorquí-Bagué José C. Perales José C. Perales Juan F. Navas Juan F. Navas Carles Soriano-Mas Carles Soriano-Mas Carles Soriano-Mas Neus Aymamí Mónica Gómez-Peña Zaida Agüera Zaida Agüera Amparo del Pino-Gutiérrez Virginia Martín-Romera José M. Menchón José M. Menchón José M. Menchón Phenotypes in Gambling Disorder Using Sociodemographic and Clinical Clustering Analysis: An Unidentified New Subtype? Frontiers in Psychiatry gambling disorder clustering personality traits psychopathology severity |
| title | Phenotypes in Gambling Disorder Using Sociodemographic and Clinical Clustering Analysis: An Unidentified New Subtype? |
| title_full | Phenotypes in Gambling Disorder Using Sociodemographic and Clinical Clustering Analysis: An Unidentified New Subtype? |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypes in Gambling Disorder Using Sociodemographic and Clinical Clustering Analysis: An Unidentified New Subtype? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypes in Gambling Disorder Using Sociodemographic and Clinical Clustering Analysis: An Unidentified New Subtype? |
| title_short | Phenotypes in Gambling Disorder Using Sociodemographic and Clinical Clustering Analysis: An Unidentified New Subtype? |
| title_sort | phenotypes in gambling disorder using sociodemographic and clinical clustering analysis an unidentified new subtype |
| topic | gambling disorder clustering personality traits psychopathology severity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00173/full |
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