The spider effect: morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo.
The different morphological stages of microglial activation have not yet been described in detail. We transected the olfactory bulb of rats and examined the activation of the microglial system histologically. Six stages of bidirectional microglial activation (A) and deactivation (R) were observed: f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2012-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3283598?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818498314003283968 |
|---|---|
| author | Rahul A Jonas Ti-Fei Yuan Yu-Xiang Liang Jost B Jonas David K C Tay Rutledge G Ellis-Behnke |
| author_facet | Rahul A Jonas Ti-Fei Yuan Yu-Xiang Liang Jost B Jonas David K C Tay Rutledge G Ellis-Behnke |
| author_sort | Rahul A Jonas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The different morphological stages of microglial activation have not yet been described in detail. We transected the olfactory bulb of rats and examined the activation of the microglial system histologically. Six stages of bidirectional microglial activation (A) and deactivation (R) were observed: from stage 1A to 6A, the cell body size increased, the cell process number decreased, and the cell processes retracted and thickened, orienting toward the direction of the injury site; until stage 6A, when all processes disappeared. In contrast, in deactivation stages 6R to 1R, the microglia returned to the original site exhibiting a stepwise retransformation to the original morphology. Thin highly branched processes re-formed in stage 1R, similar to those in stage 1A. This reverse transformation mirrored the forward transformation except in stages 6R to 1R: cells showed multiple nuclei which were slowly absorbed. Our findings support a morphologically defined stepwise activation and deactivation of microglia cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:56:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-041715e34e3c48caa5eb506d2eeef453 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:56:36Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-041715e34e3c48caa5eb506d2eeef4532022-12-22T01:37:07ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032012-01-0172e3076310.1371/journal.pone.0030763The spider effect: morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo.Rahul A JonasTi-Fei YuanYu-Xiang LiangJost B JonasDavid K C TayRutledge G Ellis-BehnkeThe different morphological stages of microglial activation have not yet been described in detail. We transected the olfactory bulb of rats and examined the activation of the microglial system histologically. Six stages of bidirectional microglial activation (A) and deactivation (R) were observed: from stage 1A to 6A, the cell body size increased, the cell process number decreased, and the cell processes retracted and thickened, orienting toward the direction of the injury site; until stage 6A, when all processes disappeared. In contrast, in deactivation stages 6R to 1R, the microglia returned to the original site exhibiting a stepwise retransformation to the original morphology. Thin highly branched processes re-formed in stage 1R, similar to those in stage 1A. This reverse transformation mirrored the forward transformation except in stages 6R to 1R: cells showed multiple nuclei which were slowly absorbed. Our findings support a morphologically defined stepwise activation and deactivation of microglia cells.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3283598?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Rahul A Jonas Ti-Fei Yuan Yu-Xiang Liang Jost B Jonas David K C Tay Rutledge G Ellis-Behnke The spider effect: morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo. PLoS ONE |
| title | The spider effect: morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo. |
| title_full | The spider effect: morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo. |
| title_fullStr | The spider effect: morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The spider effect: morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo. |
| title_short | The spider effect: morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo. |
| title_sort | spider effect morphological and orienting classification of microglia in response to stimuli in vivo |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3283598?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rahulajonas thespidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT tifeiyuan thespidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT yuxiangliang thespidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT jostbjonas thespidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT davidkctay thespidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT rutledgegellisbehnke thespidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT rahulajonas spidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT tifeiyuan spidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT yuxiangliang spidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT jostbjonas spidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT davidkctay spidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo AT rutledgegellisbehnke spidereffectmorphologicalandorientingclassificationofmicrogliainresponsetostimuliinvivo |