Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes to Modulate Abscisic Acid Signaling
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) triggers cellular tolerance responses to osmotic stress caused by drought and salinity. ABA controls the turgor pressure of guard cells in the plant epidermis, leading to stomatal closure to minimize water loss. However, stomatal apertures open to uptake CO<s...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9517 |
| _version_ | 1797544652674433024 |
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| author | Choonkyun Jung Nguyen Hoai Nguyen Jong-Joo Cheong |
| author_facet | Choonkyun Jung Nguyen Hoai Nguyen Jong-Joo Cheong |
| author_sort | Choonkyun Jung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) triggers cellular tolerance responses to osmotic stress caused by drought and salinity. ABA controls the turgor pressure of guard cells in the plant epidermis, leading to stomatal closure to minimize water loss. However, stomatal apertures open to uptake CO<sub>2</sub> for photosynthesis even under stress conditions. ABA modulates its signaling pathway via negative feedback regulation to maintain plant homeostasis. In the nuclei of guard cells, the clade A type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) counteract SnRK2 kinases by physical interaction, and thereby inhibit activation of the transcription factors that mediate ABA-responsive gene expression. Under osmotic stress conditions, PP2Cs bind to soluble ABA receptors to capture ABA and release active SnRK2s. Thus, PP2Cs function as a switch at the center of the ABA signaling network. ABA induces the expression of genes encoding repressors or activators of PP2C gene transcription. These regulators mediate the conversion of PP2C chromatins from a repressive to an active state for gene transcription. The stress-induced chromatin remodeling states of ABA-responsive genes could be memorized and transmitted to plant progeny; i.e., transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. This review focuses on the mechanism by which PP2C gene transcription modulates ABA signaling. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:04:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-042360c0322c4e33ac15955f92f26062 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:04:33Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-042360c0322c4e33ac15955f92f260622023-11-21T00:48:34ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-12-012124951710.3390/ijms21249517Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes to Modulate Abscisic Acid SignalingChoonkyun Jung0Nguyen Hoai Nguyen1Jong-Joo Cheong2Department of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology, Institute/Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, KoreaFaculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, VietnamCenter for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaThe plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) triggers cellular tolerance responses to osmotic stress caused by drought and salinity. ABA controls the turgor pressure of guard cells in the plant epidermis, leading to stomatal closure to minimize water loss. However, stomatal apertures open to uptake CO<sub>2</sub> for photosynthesis even under stress conditions. ABA modulates its signaling pathway via negative feedback regulation to maintain plant homeostasis. In the nuclei of guard cells, the clade A type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) counteract SnRK2 kinases by physical interaction, and thereby inhibit activation of the transcription factors that mediate ABA-responsive gene expression. Under osmotic stress conditions, PP2Cs bind to soluble ABA receptors to capture ABA and release active SnRK2s. Thus, PP2Cs function as a switch at the center of the ABA signaling network. ABA induces the expression of genes encoding repressors or activators of PP2C gene transcription. These regulators mediate the conversion of PP2C chromatins from a repressive to an active state for gene transcription. The stress-induced chromatin remodeling states of ABA-responsive genes could be memorized and transmitted to plant progeny; i.e., transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. This review focuses on the mechanism by which PP2C gene transcription modulates ABA signaling.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9517abscisic acidchromatin remodelingdroughtguard cellosmotic stressprotein phosphatase 2C |
| spellingShingle | Choonkyun Jung Nguyen Hoai Nguyen Jong-Joo Cheong Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes to Modulate Abscisic Acid Signaling International Journal of Molecular Sciences abscisic acid chromatin remodeling drought guard cell osmotic stress protein phosphatase 2C |
| title | Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes to Modulate Abscisic Acid Signaling |
| title_full | Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes to Modulate Abscisic Acid Signaling |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes to Modulate Abscisic Acid Signaling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes to Modulate Abscisic Acid Signaling |
| title_short | Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes to Modulate Abscisic Acid Signaling |
| title_sort | transcriptional regulation of protein phosphatase 2c genes to modulate abscisic acid signaling |
| topic | abscisic acid chromatin remodeling drought guard cell osmotic stress protein phosphatase 2C |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9517 |
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