Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke
Stoke is a prevalent and devastating neurologic condition with limited options for therapeutic management. Since brain tissue is rarely accessible clinically, peripheral biomarkers for the central nervous system’s (CNS’s) cellular response to stroke may prove critical for increasing our understandin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/8/1231 |
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| author | Nikita Ollen-Bittle Austyn D. Roseborough Wenxuan Wang Jeng-liang D. Wu Shawn N. Whitehead |
| author_facet | Nikita Ollen-Bittle Austyn D. Roseborough Wenxuan Wang Jeng-liang D. Wu Shawn N. Whitehead |
| author_sort | Nikita Ollen-Bittle |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stoke is a prevalent and devastating neurologic condition with limited options for therapeutic management. Since brain tissue is rarely accessible clinically, peripheral biomarkers for the central nervous system’s (CNS’s) cellular response to stroke may prove critical for increasing our understanding of stroke pathology and elucidating novel therapeutic targets. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived, membrane-enclosed vesicles secreted by all cell types within the CNS that can freely pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and contain unique markers and content linked to their cell of origin. These unique qualities make brain-derived EVs novel candidates for non-invasive blood-based biomarkers of both cell specificity and cell physiological state during the progression of stroke and recovery. While studies are continuously emerging that are assessing the therapeutic potential of EVs and profiling EV cargo, a vast minority of these studies link EV content to specific cell types. A better understanding of cell-specific EV release during the acute, subacute, and chronic stages of stroke is needed to further elucidate the cellular processes responsible for stroke pathophysiology. Herein, we outline what is known about EV release from distinct cell types of the CNS during stroke and the potential of these EVs as peripheral biomarkers for cellular function in the CNS during stroke. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:00:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0423a9c0986a489588abd1c4504b0ccb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:00:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0423a9c0986a489588abd1c4504b0ccb2023-12-01T23:26:36ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-08-01118123110.3390/biology11081231Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in StrokeNikita Ollen-Bittle0Austyn D. Roseborough1Wenxuan Wang2Jeng-liang D. Wu3Shawn N. Whitehead4Vulnerable Brain Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, CanadaVulnerable Brain Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, CanadaVulnerable Brain Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, CanadaVulnerable Brain Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, CanadaVulnerable Brain Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, CanadaStoke is a prevalent and devastating neurologic condition with limited options for therapeutic management. Since brain tissue is rarely accessible clinically, peripheral biomarkers for the central nervous system’s (CNS’s) cellular response to stroke may prove critical for increasing our understanding of stroke pathology and elucidating novel therapeutic targets. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived, membrane-enclosed vesicles secreted by all cell types within the CNS that can freely pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and contain unique markers and content linked to their cell of origin. These unique qualities make brain-derived EVs novel candidates for non-invasive blood-based biomarkers of both cell specificity and cell physiological state during the progression of stroke and recovery. While studies are continuously emerging that are assessing the therapeutic potential of EVs and profiling EV cargo, a vast minority of these studies link EV content to specific cell types. A better understanding of cell-specific EV release during the acute, subacute, and chronic stages of stroke is needed to further elucidate the cellular processes responsible for stroke pathophysiology. Herein, we outline what is known about EV release from distinct cell types of the CNS during stroke and the potential of these EVs as peripheral biomarkers for cellular function in the CNS during stroke.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/8/1231extracellular vesicles (EVs)cellular biologyinflammationstrokedementiabiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Nikita Ollen-Bittle Austyn D. Roseborough Wenxuan Wang Jeng-liang D. Wu Shawn N. Whitehead Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke Biology extracellular vesicles (EVs) cellular biology inflammation stroke dementia biomarkers |
| title | Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke |
| title_full | Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke |
| title_short | Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke |
| title_sort | mechanisms and biomarker potential of extracellular vesicles in stroke |
| topic | extracellular vesicles (EVs) cellular biology inflammation stroke dementia biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/8/1231 |
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