Blood Center Testing Allows the Detection and Rapid Treatment of Acute and Recent HIV Infection
Blood donations in South Africa are tested for HIV RNA using individual donation NAT (ID-NAT), allowing detection and rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) of acute HIV infections. We enrolled a cohort of acute and recent HIV-infected blood donation candidates in South Africa in 2015–2018, measured HIV...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2326 |
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| author | Karin van den Berg Marion Vermeulen Sonia Bakkour Mars Stone Genevieve Jacobs Cynthia Nyoni Coreen Barker Christopher McClure Darryl Creel Eduard Grebe Nareg Roubinian Ute Jentsch Brian Custer Michael P. Busch Edward L. Murphy on behalf of the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study (REDS)-III South Africa International Program |
| author_facet | Karin van den Berg Marion Vermeulen Sonia Bakkour Mars Stone Genevieve Jacobs Cynthia Nyoni Coreen Barker Christopher McClure Darryl Creel Eduard Grebe Nareg Roubinian Ute Jentsch Brian Custer Michael P. Busch Edward L. Murphy on behalf of the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study (REDS)-III South Africa International Program |
| author_sort | Karin van den Berg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Blood donations in South Africa are tested for HIV RNA using individual donation NAT (ID-NAT), allowing detection and rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) of acute HIV infections. We enrolled a cohort of acute and recent HIV-infected blood donation candidates in South Africa in 2015–2018, measured HIV antibody, ID-NAT, and recency of infection <195 days (Sedia LAg) at enrollment and initiated early ART. A small cohort of HIV elite controllers was followed without treatment. HIV reservoir measurements included ultrasensitive plasma RNA, cell-associated HIV RNA, and total DNA. Enrollment of 18 Fiebig I–III and 45 Fiebig IV–VI HIV clade C subjects occurred a median of 18 days after index blood donation. ART was administered successfully and compliance with follow-up visits was excellent. There were only minimal differences in HIV reservoir between ART initiation in Fiebig stages I–III vs. IV–VI, but ART noncompliance increased HIV reservoir. In 11 untreated HIV elite controllers, HIV reservoir levels were similar to or higher than those seen in our early treated cohort. National blood services can identify acute HIV cohorts for subsequent HIV cure research studies. Among HIV clade C-infected donors, HIV reservoir differed little by Fiebig stage at treatment initiation, but was smaller than in chronically treated HIV and those with ART noncompliance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:33:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-042cfeb0a4f34fafb19a0ef3d8bb0641 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:33:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-042cfeb0a4f34fafb19a0ef3d8bb06412023-11-24T07:15:25ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-10-011411232610.3390/v14112326Blood Center Testing Allows the Detection and Rapid Treatment of Acute and Recent HIV InfectionKarin van den Berg0Marion Vermeulen1Sonia Bakkour2Mars Stone3Genevieve Jacobs4Cynthia Nyoni5Coreen Barker6Christopher McClure7Darryl Creel8Eduard Grebe9Nareg Roubinian10Ute Jentsch11Brian Custer12Michael P. Busch13Edward L. Murphy14on behalf of the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study (REDS)-III South Africa International ProgramSouth African National Blood Service, Johannesburg 3610, South AfricaSouth African National Blood Service, Johannesburg 3610, South AfricaVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USAVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USASouth African National Blood Service, Johannesburg 3610, South AfricaSouth African National Blood Service, Johannesburg 3610, South AfricaClinical HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersr, Johannesburg 2092, South AfricaRTI International, Rockville, MD 20852, USARTI International, Rockville, MD 20852, USAVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USAVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USASouth African National Blood Service, Johannesburg 3610, South AfricaVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USAVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USAVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USABlood donations in South Africa are tested for HIV RNA using individual donation NAT (ID-NAT), allowing detection and rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) of acute HIV infections. We enrolled a cohort of acute and recent HIV-infected blood donation candidates in South Africa in 2015–2018, measured HIV antibody, ID-NAT, and recency of infection <195 days (Sedia LAg) at enrollment and initiated early ART. A small cohort of HIV elite controllers was followed without treatment. HIV reservoir measurements included ultrasensitive plasma RNA, cell-associated HIV RNA, and total DNA. Enrollment of 18 Fiebig I–III and 45 Fiebig IV–VI HIV clade C subjects occurred a median of 18 days after index blood donation. ART was administered successfully and compliance with follow-up visits was excellent. There were only minimal differences in HIV reservoir between ART initiation in Fiebig stages I–III vs. IV–VI, but ART noncompliance increased HIV reservoir. In 11 untreated HIV elite controllers, HIV reservoir levels were similar to or higher than those seen in our early treated cohort. National blood services can identify acute HIV cohorts for subsequent HIV cure research studies. Among HIV clade C-infected donors, HIV reservoir differed little by Fiebig stage at treatment initiation, but was smaller than in chronically treated HIV and those with ART noncompliance.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2326blood donorsHIV reservoirHIV cureHIV clade CSouth Africa |
| spellingShingle | Karin van den Berg Marion Vermeulen Sonia Bakkour Mars Stone Genevieve Jacobs Cynthia Nyoni Coreen Barker Christopher McClure Darryl Creel Eduard Grebe Nareg Roubinian Ute Jentsch Brian Custer Michael P. Busch Edward L. Murphy on behalf of the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study (REDS)-III South Africa International Program Blood Center Testing Allows the Detection and Rapid Treatment of Acute and Recent HIV Infection Viruses blood donors HIV reservoir HIV cure HIV clade C South Africa |
| title | Blood Center Testing Allows the Detection and Rapid Treatment of Acute and Recent HIV Infection |
| title_full | Blood Center Testing Allows the Detection and Rapid Treatment of Acute and Recent HIV Infection |
| title_fullStr | Blood Center Testing Allows the Detection and Rapid Treatment of Acute and Recent HIV Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Blood Center Testing Allows the Detection and Rapid Treatment of Acute and Recent HIV Infection |
| title_short | Blood Center Testing Allows the Detection and Rapid Treatment of Acute and Recent HIV Infection |
| title_sort | blood center testing allows the detection and rapid treatment of acute and recent hiv infection |
| topic | blood donors HIV reservoir HIV cure HIV clade C South Africa |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2326 |
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