Defining Quantitative Targets for Topsoil Organic Carbon Stock Increase in European Croplands: Case Studies With Exogenous Organic Matter Inputs
The EU Mission Board for Soil Health and Food proposed a series of quantitative targets for European soils to become healthier. Among them, current soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration losses in croplands (0.5% yr−1 on average at 20 cm depth) should be reversed to an increase of 0.1–0.4% yr−1 by...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.824724/full |
| _version_ | 1818331895165878272 |
|---|---|
| author | Elisa Bruni Bertrand Guenet Hugues Clivot Thomas Kätterer Manuel Martin Iñigo Virto Claire Chenu |
| author_facet | Elisa Bruni Bertrand Guenet Hugues Clivot Thomas Kätterer Manuel Martin Iñigo Virto Claire Chenu |
| author_sort | Elisa Bruni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The EU Mission Board for Soil Health and Food proposed a series of quantitative targets for European soils to become healthier. Among them, current soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration losses in croplands (0.5% yr−1 on average at 20 cm depth) should be reversed to an increase of 0.1–0.4% yr−1 by 2030. Quantitative targets are used by policy makers to incentivize the implementation of agricultural practices that increase SOC stocks. However, there are different approaches to calculate them. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of exogenous organic matter (EOM) inputs on the evolution of SOC stocks, with a particular focus on the new European targets and the different approaches to calculate them. First, we illustrated through two case-study experiments the different targets set when the SOC stock increase is calculated considering as reference: 1) the SOC stock level at the onset of the experiment and 2) the SOC stock trend in a baseline, i.e., a control treatment without EOM addition. Then, we used 11 long-term experiments (LTEs) with EOM addition in European croplands to estimate the amount of carbon (C) input needed to reach the 0.1 and 0.4% SOC stock increase targets proposed by the Mission Board for Soil Health and Food, calculated with two different approaches. We found that, to reach a 0.1 and 0.4% increase target relative to the onset of the experiment, 2.51 and 2.61 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of additional C input were necessary, respectively. Reaching a 0.1 and 0.4% increase target relative to the baseline required 1.38 and 1.77 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of additional input, respectively. Depending on the calculation method used, the estimated amounts of additional C input required to reach each quantitative target were significantly different from each other. Furthermore, the quality of C input as represented by the C retention rate of the additional organic material (EOM and crop residue), had a significant effect on the variation of SOC stocks. Our work highlights the necessity to take into consideration the additional C input required to increase SOC stocks, especially for soils with decreasing SOC stocks, when targets are set independently of the baseline. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T13:27:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04417e118f444a7d886c2916e8c1bc68 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T13:27:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-04417e118f444a7d886c2916e8c1bc682022-12-21T23:44:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2022-02-011010.3389/fenvs.2022.824724824724Defining Quantitative Targets for Topsoil Organic Carbon Stock Increase in European Croplands: Case Studies With Exogenous Organic Matter InputsElisa Bruni0Bertrand Guenet1Hugues Clivot2Thomas Kätterer3Manuel Martin4Iñigo Virto5Claire Chenu6Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceLG-ENS (Laboratoire de Géologie) – CNRS UMR 8538 – École Normale Supérieure, PSL University – IPSL, Paris, FranceUniversité de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Reims, FranceDepartment of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SwedenINRA Orléans, InfoSolUnit, Orléans, FranceDepartamento de Ciencias, IS-FOOD, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, SpainEcosys, INRA-AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Campus AgroParisTech, Thiverval-Grignon, FranceThe EU Mission Board for Soil Health and Food proposed a series of quantitative targets for European soils to become healthier. Among them, current soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration losses in croplands (0.5% yr−1 on average at 20 cm depth) should be reversed to an increase of 0.1–0.4% yr−1 by 2030. Quantitative targets are used by policy makers to incentivize the implementation of agricultural practices that increase SOC stocks. However, there are different approaches to calculate them. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of exogenous organic matter (EOM) inputs on the evolution of SOC stocks, with a particular focus on the new European targets and the different approaches to calculate them. First, we illustrated through two case-study experiments the different targets set when the SOC stock increase is calculated considering as reference: 1) the SOC stock level at the onset of the experiment and 2) the SOC stock trend in a baseline, i.e., a control treatment without EOM addition. Then, we used 11 long-term experiments (LTEs) with EOM addition in European croplands to estimate the amount of carbon (C) input needed to reach the 0.1 and 0.4% SOC stock increase targets proposed by the Mission Board for Soil Health and Food, calculated with two different approaches. We found that, to reach a 0.1 and 0.4% increase target relative to the onset of the experiment, 2.51 and 2.61 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of additional C input were necessary, respectively. Reaching a 0.1 and 0.4% increase target relative to the baseline required 1.38 and 1.77 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of additional input, respectively. Depending on the calculation method used, the estimated amounts of additional C input required to reach each quantitative target were significantly different from each other. Furthermore, the quality of C input as represented by the C retention rate of the additional organic material (EOM and crop residue), had a significant effect on the variation of SOC stocks. Our work highlights the necessity to take into consideration the additional C input required to increase SOC stocks, especially for soils with decreasing SOC stocks, when targets are set independently of the baseline.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.824724/fullsoil organic carbon4 per 1000exogenous organic matteragricultureEurope 2030 targetsclimate change |
| spellingShingle | Elisa Bruni Bertrand Guenet Hugues Clivot Thomas Kätterer Manuel Martin Iñigo Virto Claire Chenu Defining Quantitative Targets for Topsoil Organic Carbon Stock Increase in European Croplands: Case Studies With Exogenous Organic Matter Inputs Frontiers in Environmental Science soil organic carbon 4 per 1000 exogenous organic matter agriculture Europe 2030 targets climate change |
| title | Defining Quantitative Targets for Topsoil Organic Carbon Stock Increase in European Croplands: Case Studies With Exogenous Organic Matter Inputs |
| title_full | Defining Quantitative Targets for Topsoil Organic Carbon Stock Increase in European Croplands: Case Studies With Exogenous Organic Matter Inputs |
| title_fullStr | Defining Quantitative Targets for Topsoil Organic Carbon Stock Increase in European Croplands: Case Studies With Exogenous Organic Matter Inputs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defining Quantitative Targets for Topsoil Organic Carbon Stock Increase in European Croplands: Case Studies With Exogenous Organic Matter Inputs |
| title_short | Defining Quantitative Targets for Topsoil Organic Carbon Stock Increase in European Croplands: Case Studies With Exogenous Organic Matter Inputs |
| title_sort | defining quantitative targets for topsoil organic carbon stock increase in european croplands case studies with exogenous organic matter inputs |
| topic | soil organic carbon 4 per 1000 exogenous organic matter agriculture Europe 2030 targets climate change |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.824724/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elisabruni definingquantitativetargetsfortopsoilorganiccarbonstockincreaseineuropeancroplandscasestudieswithexogenousorganicmatterinputs AT bertrandguenet definingquantitativetargetsfortopsoilorganiccarbonstockincreaseineuropeancroplandscasestudieswithexogenousorganicmatterinputs AT huguesclivot definingquantitativetargetsfortopsoilorganiccarbonstockincreaseineuropeancroplandscasestudieswithexogenousorganicmatterinputs AT thomaskatterer definingquantitativetargetsfortopsoilorganiccarbonstockincreaseineuropeancroplandscasestudieswithexogenousorganicmatterinputs AT manuelmartin definingquantitativetargetsfortopsoilorganiccarbonstockincreaseineuropeancroplandscasestudieswithexogenousorganicmatterinputs AT inigovirto definingquantitativetargetsfortopsoilorganiccarbonstockincreaseineuropeancroplandscasestudieswithexogenousorganicmatterinputs AT clairechenu definingquantitativetargetsfortopsoilorganiccarbonstockincreaseineuropeancroplandscasestudieswithexogenousorganicmatterinputs |