Field Propagation Experiments of Male African Savanna Elephant Rumbles: A Focus on the Transmission of Formant Frequencies

Field Propagation Experiments of Male African Savanna Elephant Rumbles: A Focus on the Transmission of Formant Frequencies

African savanna elephants live in dynamic fission–fusion societies and exhibit a sophisticated vocal communication system. Their most frequent call-type is the ‘rumble’, with a fundamental frequency (which refers to the lowest vocal fold vibration rate when producing a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Anton Baotic, Maxime Garcia, Markus Boeckle, Angela Stoeger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018-09-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
African savanna elephant
rumble
vocalization
formant
propagation
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/8/10/167

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