Orbital Signaling in Graves’ Orbitopathy
Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is a complex and poorly understood disease in which extensive remodeling of orbital tissue is dominated by adipogenesis and hyaluronan production. The resulting proptosis is disfiguring and underpins the majority of GO signs and symptoms. While there is strong evidence for t...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.739994/full |
| _version_ | 1818754371140190208 |
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| author | Mohd Shazli Draman Mohd Shazli Draman Lei Zhang Colin Dayan Marian Ludgate |
| author_facet | Mohd Shazli Draman Mohd Shazli Draman Lei Zhang Colin Dayan Marian Ludgate |
| author_sort | Mohd Shazli Draman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is a complex and poorly understood disease in which extensive remodeling of orbital tissue is dominated by adipogenesis and hyaluronan production. The resulting proptosis is disfiguring and underpins the majority of GO signs and symptoms. While there is strong evidence for the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) being a thyroid/orbit shared autoantigen, the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is also likely to play a key role in the disease. The pathogenesis of GO has been investigated extensively in the last decade with further understanding of some aspects of the disease. This is mainly derived by using in vitro and ex vivo analysis of the orbital tissues. Here, we have summarized the features of GO pathogenesis involving target autoantigens and their signaling pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T05:22:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0456f4bc26fe4bcebabc3b17081127c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T05:22:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0456f4bc26fe4bcebabc3b17081127c12022-12-21T21:19:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922021-11-011210.3389/fendo.2021.739994739994Orbital Signaling in Graves’ OrbitopathyMohd Shazli Draman0Mohd Shazli Draman1Lei Zhang2Colin Dayan3Marian Ludgate4Thyroid Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United KingdomKPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, MalaysiaThyroid Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United KingdomThyroid Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United KingdomThyroid Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United KingdomGraves’ orbitopathy (GO) is a complex and poorly understood disease in which extensive remodeling of orbital tissue is dominated by adipogenesis and hyaluronan production. The resulting proptosis is disfiguring and underpins the majority of GO signs and symptoms. While there is strong evidence for the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) being a thyroid/orbit shared autoantigen, the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is also likely to play a key role in the disease. The pathogenesis of GO has been investigated extensively in the last decade with further understanding of some aspects of the disease. This is mainly derived by using in vitro and ex vivo analysis of the orbital tissues. Here, we have summarized the features of GO pathogenesis involving target autoantigens and their signaling pathways.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.739994/fullthyroid eye diseaseadipogenesishyaluronanTSABTSHRIGF1R |
| spellingShingle | Mohd Shazli Draman Mohd Shazli Draman Lei Zhang Colin Dayan Marian Ludgate Orbital Signaling in Graves’ Orbitopathy Frontiers in Endocrinology thyroid eye disease adipogenesis hyaluronan TSAB TSHR IGF1R |
| title | Orbital Signaling in Graves’ Orbitopathy |
| title_full | Orbital Signaling in Graves’ Orbitopathy |
| title_fullStr | Orbital Signaling in Graves’ Orbitopathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Orbital Signaling in Graves’ Orbitopathy |
| title_short | Orbital Signaling in Graves’ Orbitopathy |
| title_sort | orbital signaling in graves orbitopathy |
| topic | thyroid eye disease adipogenesis hyaluronan TSAB TSHR IGF1R |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.739994/full |
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