Fatty Acid Sensing in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rainbow Trout: Different to Mammalian Model?
It is well established in mammals that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) senses the luminal presence of nutrients and responds to such information by releasing signaling molecules that ultimately regulate feeding. However, gut nutrient sensing mechanisms are poorly known in fish. This research charac...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/5/4275 |
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| author | Jessica Calo Sara Comesaña Ángel L. Alonso-Gómez José L. Soengas Ayelén M. Blanco |
| author_facet | Jessica Calo Sara Comesaña Ángel L. Alonso-Gómez José L. Soengas Ayelén M. Blanco |
| author_sort | Jessica Calo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is well established in mammals that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) senses the luminal presence of nutrients and responds to such information by releasing signaling molecules that ultimately regulate feeding. However, gut nutrient sensing mechanisms are poorly known in fish. This research characterized fatty acid (FA) sensing mechanisms in the GIT of a fish species with great interest in aquaculture: the rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>). Main results showed that: (i) the trout GIT has mRNAs encoding numerous key FA transporters characterized in mammals (FA transporter CD36 -FAT/CD36-, FA transport protein 4 -FATP4-, and monocarboxylate transporter isoform-1 -MCT-1-) and receptors (several free FA receptor -Ffar- isoforms, and G protein-coupled receptors 84 and 119 -Gpr84 and Gpr119-), and (ii) intragastrically-administered FAs differing in their length and degree of unsaturation (i.e., medium-chain (octanoate), long-chain (oleate), long-chain polyunsaturated (α-linolenate), and short-chain (butyrate) FAs) exert a differential modulation of the gastrointestinal abundance of mRNAs encoding the identified transporters and receptors and intracellular signaling elements, as well as gastrointestinal appetite-regulatory hormone mRNAs and proteins. Together, results from this study offer the first set of evidence supporting the existence of FA sensing mechanisms n the fish GIT. Additionally, we detected several differences in FA sensing mechanisms of rainbow trout vs. mammals, which may suggest evolutionary divergence between fish and mammals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:23:10Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:23:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-046b667b327a4d48947169768be71be22023-11-17T07:46:12ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01245427510.3390/ijms24054275Fatty Acid Sensing in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rainbow Trout: Different to Mammalian Model?Jessica Calo0Sara Comesaña1Ángel L. Alonso-Gómez2José L. Soengas3Ayelén M. Blanco4Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainCentro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainDepartamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Unidad Docente de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainCentro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainIt is well established in mammals that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) senses the luminal presence of nutrients and responds to such information by releasing signaling molecules that ultimately regulate feeding. However, gut nutrient sensing mechanisms are poorly known in fish. This research characterized fatty acid (FA) sensing mechanisms in the GIT of a fish species with great interest in aquaculture: the rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>). Main results showed that: (i) the trout GIT has mRNAs encoding numerous key FA transporters characterized in mammals (FA transporter CD36 -FAT/CD36-, FA transport protein 4 -FATP4-, and monocarboxylate transporter isoform-1 -MCT-1-) and receptors (several free FA receptor -Ffar- isoforms, and G protein-coupled receptors 84 and 119 -Gpr84 and Gpr119-), and (ii) intragastrically-administered FAs differing in their length and degree of unsaturation (i.e., medium-chain (octanoate), long-chain (oleate), long-chain polyunsaturated (α-linolenate), and short-chain (butyrate) FAs) exert a differential modulation of the gastrointestinal abundance of mRNAs encoding the identified transporters and receptors and intracellular signaling elements, as well as gastrointestinal appetite-regulatory hormone mRNAs and proteins. Together, results from this study offer the first set of evidence supporting the existence of FA sensing mechanisms n the fish GIT. Additionally, we detected several differences in FA sensing mechanisms of rainbow trout vs. mammals, which may suggest evolutionary divergence between fish and mammals.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/5/4275gut sensingfatty acidsgut-brain axisfeed intakefish |
| spellingShingle | Jessica Calo Sara Comesaña Ángel L. Alonso-Gómez José L. Soengas Ayelén M. Blanco Fatty Acid Sensing in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rainbow Trout: Different to Mammalian Model? International Journal of Molecular Sciences gut sensing fatty acids gut-brain axis feed intake fish |
| title | Fatty Acid Sensing in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rainbow Trout: Different to Mammalian Model? |
| title_full | Fatty Acid Sensing in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rainbow Trout: Different to Mammalian Model? |
| title_fullStr | Fatty Acid Sensing in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rainbow Trout: Different to Mammalian Model? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fatty Acid Sensing in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rainbow Trout: Different to Mammalian Model? |
| title_short | Fatty Acid Sensing in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rainbow Trout: Different to Mammalian Model? |
| title_sort | fatty acid sensing in the gastrointestinal tract of rainbow trout different to mammalian model |
| topic | gut sensing fatty acids gut-brain axis feed intake fish |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/5/4275 |
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