A Survey on Blockchain Technology: Evolution, Architecture and Security
Blockchain is a revolutionary technology that is making a great impact on modern society due to its transparency, decentralization, and security properties. Blockchain gained considerable attention due to its very first application of Cryptocurrencies e.g., Bitcoin. In the near future, Blockchain te...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9402747/ |
| _version_ | 1818899410707283968 |
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| author | Muhammad Nasir Mumtaz Bhutta Amir A. Khwaja Adnan Nadeem Hafiz Farooq Ahmad Muhammad Khurram Khan Moataz A. Hanif Houbing Song Majed Alshamari Yue Cao |
| author_facet | Muhammad Nasir Mumtaz Bhutta Amir A. Khwaja Adnan Nadeem Hafiz Farooq Ahmad Muhammad Khurram Khan Moataz A. Hanif Houbing Song Majed Alshamari Yue Cao |
| author_sort | Muhammad Nasir Mumtaz Bhutta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Blockchain is a revolutionary technology that is making a great impact on modern society due to its transparency, decentralization, and security properties. Blockchain gained considerable attention due to its very first application of Cryptocurrencies e.g., Bitcoin. In the near future, Blockchain technology is determined to transform the way we live, interact, and perform businesses. Recently, academics, industrialists, and researchers are aggressively investigating different aspects of Blockchain as an emerging technology. Unlike other Blockchain surveys focusing on either its applications, challenges, characteristics, or security, we present a comprehensive survey of Blockchain technology’s evolution, architecture, development frameworks, and security issues. We also present a comparative analysis of frameworks, classification of consensus algorithms, and analysis of security risks & cryptographic primitives that have been used in the Blockchain so far. Finally, this paper elaborates on key future directions, novel use cases and open research challenges, which could be explored by researchers to make further advances in this field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T19:47:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04869bd0791e4b8ba5ff9edb78e1d9a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T19:47:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-04869bd0791e4b8ba5ff9edb78e1d9a52022-12-21T20:08:06ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362021-01-019610486107310.1109/ACCESS.2021.30728499402747A Survey on Blockchain Technology: Evolution, Architecture and SecurityMuhammad Nasir Mumtaz Bhutta0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-4282Amir A. Khwaja1Adnan Nadeem2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9622-150XHafiz Farooq Ahmad3Muhammad Khurram Khan4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6636-0533Moataz A. Hanif5Houbing Song6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-9223Majed Alshamari7Yue Cao8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2098-7637Information Systems Department, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology (CCSIT), King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaInformation Systems Department, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology (CCSIT), King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Computer and Information System, Islamic University of Madinah, Medina, Saudi ArabiaComputer Science Department, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology (CCSIT), King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSecurity and Optimization for Networked Globe Laboratory (SONG lab), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, AZ, USASecurity and Optimization for Networked Globe Laboratory (SONG lab), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, AZ, USAInformation Systems Department, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology (CCSIT), King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaBlockchain is a revolutionary technology that is making a great impact on modern society due to its transparency, decentralization, and security properties. Blockchain gained considerable attention due to its very first application of Cryptocurrencies e.g., Bitcoin. In the near future, Blockchain technology is determined to transform the way we live, interact, and perform businesses. Recently, academics, industrialists, and researchers are aggressively investigating different aspects of Blockchain as an emerging technology. Unlike other Blockchain surveys focusing on either its applications, challenges, characteristics, or security, we present a comprehensive survey of Blockchain technology’s evolution, architecture, development frameworks, and security issues. We also present a comparative analysis of frameworks, classification of consensus algorithms, and analysis of security risks & cryptographic primitives that have been used in the Blockchain so far. Finally, this paper elaborates on key future directions, novel use cases and open research challenges, which could be explored by researchers to make further advances in this field.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9402747/Evolution of blockchainblockchain architecturesmart contractsblockchain applicationsdevelopment frameworksblockchain security |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Nasir Mumtaz Bhutta Amir A. Khwaja Adnan Nadeem Hafiz Farooq Ahmad Muhammad Khurram Khan Moataz A. Hanif Houbing Song Majed Alshamari Yue Cao A Survey on Blockchain Technology: Evolution, Architecture and Security IEEE Access Evolution of blockchain blockchain architecture smart contracts blockchain applications development frameworks blockchain security |
| title | A Survey on Blockchain Technology: Evolution, Architecture and Security |
| title_full | A Survey on Blockchain Technology: Evolution, Architecture and Security |
| title_fullStr | A Survey on Blockchain Technology: Evolution, Architecture and Security |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Survey on Blockchain Technology: Evolution, Architecture and Security |
| title_short | A Survey on Blockchain Technology: Evolution, Architecture and Security |
| title_sort | survey on blockchain technology evolution architecture and security |
| topic | Evolution of blockchain blockchain architecture smart contracts blockchain applications development frameworks blockchain security |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9402747/ |
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