<i>Haemonchus contortus</i> Adopt Isolate-Specific Life History Strategies to Optimize Fitness and Overcome Obstacles in Their Environment: Experimental Evidence
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) use flexible life history strategies to maintain their fitness under environmental challenges. Costs incurred by a challenge to one life trait can be recouped by increasing the expression of subsequent life traits throughout their life cycle. Anticipating how parasit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1759 |
| _version_ | 1797597922155560960 |
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| author | Caroline Chylinski Jacques Cortet Jacques Cabaret Alexandra Blanchard |
| author_facet | Caroline Chylinski Jacques Cortet Jacques Cabaret Alexandra Blanchard |
| author_sort | Caroline Chylinski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) use flexible life history strategies to maintain their fitness under environmental challenges. Costs incurred by a challenge to one life trait can be recouped by increasing the expression of subsequent life traits throughout their life cycle. Anticipating how parasites respond to the challenge of control interventions is critical for the long-term sustainability of the practice and to further ensure that the parasites withstand favourable adaptive responses. There is currently limited information on whether distinct populations of a GIN species respond to the same environmental challenge in a consistent manner, with similar alterations to their life history strategies or comparable fitness outcomes. This study compared the life history traits and experimental fitness of three distinct <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> isolates exposed to environmental challenges at both the parasitic (i.e., passage through resistant or susceptible sheep) and free-living (i.e., exposure to diverse climatic conditions) life stages. The key findings show that <i>H. contortus</i> maintain their fitness under challenge with isolate-specific alterations to their life history strategies. Further, partial exploration of the <i>H. contortus</i> isolates transcriptomes using cDNA-AFLP methods confirmed disparate expression profiles between them. These results bring fresh insights into our understanding of the non-genetic adaptive processes of GIN that may hinder the efficacy of parasite control strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0497557b700d41b5a28f2a350dce28ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0497557b700d41b5a28f2a350dce28ca2023-11-18T07:29:20ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-05-011311175910.3390/ani13111759<i>Haemonchus contortus</i> Adopt Isolate-Specific Life History Strategies to Optimize Fitness and Overcome Obstacles in Their Environment: Experimental EvidenceCaroline Chylinski0Jacques Cortet1Jacques Cabaret2Alexandra Blanchard3Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) International Sarl, A One Business Centre, La Pièce 3, 1180 Rolle, SwitzerlandISP, INRAE, Université Tours, UMR1282, 37380 Nouzilly, FranceISP, INRAE, Université Tours, UMR1282, 37380 Nouzilly, FranceArcher Daniels Midland (ADM) International Sarl, A One Business Centre, La Pièce 3, 1180 Rolle, SwitzerlandGastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) use flexible life history strategies to maintain their fitness under environmental challenges. Costs incurred by a challenge to one life trait can be recouped by increasing the expression of subsequent life traits throughout their life cycle. Anticipating how parasites respond to the challenge of control interventions is critical for the long-term sustainability of the practice and to further ensure that the parasites withstand favourable adaptive responses. There is currently limited information on whether distinct populations of a GIN species respond to the same environmental challenge in a consistent manner, with similar alterations to their life history strategies or comparable fitness outcomes. This study compared the life history traits and experimental fitness of three distinct <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> isolates exposed to environmental challenges at both the parasitic (i.e., passage through resistant or susceptible sheep) and free-living (i.e., exposure to diverse climatic conditions) life stages. The key findings show that <i>H. contortus</i> maintain their fitness under challenge with isolate-specific alterations to their life history strategies. Further, partial exploration of the <i>H. contortus</i> isolates transcriptomes using cDNA-AFLP methods confirmed disparate expression profiles between them. These results bring fresh insights into our understanding of the non-genetic adaptive processes of GIN that may hinder the efficacy of parasite control strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1759gastrointestinal nematodeestablishmentfertilityfitnessegg-L3 larvae developmenttranscriptome |
| spellingShingle | Caroline Chylinski Jacques Cortet Jacques Cabaret Alexandra Blanchard <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> Adopt Isolate-Specific Life History Strategies to Optimize Fitness and Overcome Obstacles in Their Environment: Experimental Evidence Animals gastrointestinal nematode establishment fertility fitness egg-L3 larvae development transcriptome |
| title | <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> Adopt Isolate-Specific Life History Strategies to Optimize Fitness and Overcome Obstacles in Their Environment: Experimental Evidence |
| title_full | <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> Adopt Isolate-Specific Life History Strategies to Optimize Fitness and Overcome Obstacles in Their Environment: Experimental Evidence |
| title_fullStr | <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> Adopt Isolate-Specific Life History Strategies to Optimize Fitness and Overcome Obstacles in Their Environment: Experimental Evidence |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> Adopt Isolate-Specific Life History Strategies to Optimize Fitness and Overcome Obstacles in Their Environment: Experimental Evidence |
| title_short | <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> Adopt Isolate-Specific Life History Strategies to Optimize Fitness and Overcome Obstacles in Their Environment: Experimental Evidence |
| title_sort | i haemonchus contortus i adopt isolate specific life history strategies to optimize fitness and overcome obstacles in their environment experimental evidence |
| topic | gastrointestinal nematode establishment fertility fitness egg-L3 larvae development transcriptome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1759 |
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