Improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensification
The long-term research conducted in 2002-2017 in a long stationary experiment on studying different types of field crop rotations under conditions of the Kirov region showed that on sod-podzolic soils the loss of humus could be lowered using agro technical methods. The most critical of them include...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
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Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/390 |
| _version_ | 1797290310652395520 |
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| author | L. M. Kozlova E. N. Noskova F. A. Popov |
| author_facet | L. M. Kozlova E. N. Noskova F. A. Popov |
| author_sort | L. M. Kozlova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The long-term research conducted in 2002-2017 in a long stationary experiment on studying different types of field crop rotations under conditions of the Kirov region showed that on sod-podzolic soils the loss of humus could be lowered using agro technical methods. The most critical of them include the reduction of a portion of bare fallow, transition to sown and green-manure fallow, expanded use of perennial legume and grain-legume crops and intercrop sowings. In eight-field crop rotations when using such means of a biologization as plowing of the root-stubble residues, aboveground mass of green-manure crops in fallow fields and intercrop sowings, the supply of organic substance was within 17.24-83.03 t/ha. By mineral-ization of this substance 7.64-11.51 t of humus were produced. In a crop rotation with bare fallow there is a negative balance of humus of -0.06 t/ha. The positive balance is obtained when using sown, green-manure fallows, intercrop sowings (two-three fields), and introduction of up to 25% perennial legumes to the structure of crop rotations. The formation of 0.96-1.44 t/ha of humus in the arable layer provides positive balance of 0.20-0.72 t/ha. The increase of the part of grain crops up to 62.5-75.0% in the structure of crop rotations resulted in rise of their efficiency up to 4.74-4.79 thousand fodder units. It was 0.27-0.32 thousand fodder units higher than in the control crop rotation with bare fallow. Dependence of productivity of agricultural crops on humus content was insignificantly negative (r = -0.16). The efficiency of the studied crop rotations depended considerably on the amount of productive moisture in the soil in a phase of ear formation of grain crops (r = -0.78) and on biological activity of the soil (r = -0.80). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T19:19:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04b248e707754771a72093f64e66d74b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-9081 2500-1396 |
| language | Russian |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T19:19:37Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока |
| spelling | doaj.art-04b248e707754771a72093f64e66d74b2024-02-29T11:31:11ZrusFederal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. RudnitskyАграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока2072-90812500-13962019-10-0120546747710.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.5.467-477343Improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensificationL. M. Kozlova0E. N. Noskova1F. A. Popov2Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. RudnitskyFederal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. RudnitskyFederal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. RudnitskyThe long-term research conducted in 2002-2017 in a long stationary experiment on studying different types of field crop rotations under conditions of the Kirov region showed that on sod-podzolic soils the loss of humus could be lowered using agro technical methods. The most critical of them include the reduction of a portion of bare fallow, transition to sown and green-manure fallow, expanded use of perennial legume and grain-legume crops and intercrop sowings. In eight-field crop rotations when using such means of a biologization as plowing of the root-stubble residues, aboveground mass of green-manure crops in fallow fields and intercrop sowings, the supply of organic substance was within 17.24-83.03 t/ha. By mineral-ization of this substance 7.64-11.51 t of humus were produced. In a crop rotation with bare fallow there is a negative balance of humus of -0.06 t/ha. The positive balance is obtained when using sown, green-manure fallows, intercrop sowings (two-three fields), and introduction of up to 25% perennial legumes to the structure of crop rotations. The formation of 0.96-1.44 t/ha of humus in the arable layer provides positive balance of 0.20-0.72 t/ha. The increase of the part of grain crops up to 62.5-75.0% in the structure of crop rotations resulted in rise of their efficiency up to 4.74-4.79 thousand fodder units. It was 0.27-0.32 thousand fodder units higher than in the control crop rotation with bare fallow. Dependence of productivity of agricultural crops on humus content was insignificantly negative (r = -0.16). The efficiency of the studied crop rotations depended considerably on the amount of productive moisture in the soil in a phase of ear formation of grain crops (r = -0.78) and on biological activity of the soil (r = -0.80).https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/390sod-podzolic soilsfallow fieldsintercrops and green-manure cropsorganic matterbalance of humusroot-stubble residues |
| spellingShingle | L. M. Kozlova E. N. Noskova F. A. Popov Improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensification Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока sod-podzolic soils fallow fields intercrops and green-manure crops organic matter balance of humus root-stubble residues |
| title | Improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensification |
| title_full | Improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensification |
| title_fullStr | Improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensification |
| title_short | Improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensification |
| title_sort | improvement of crop rotations aimed at increasing their efficiency and conserving soil fertility in conditions of biological intensification |
| topic | sod-podzolic soils fallow fields intercrops and green-manure crops organic matter balance of humus root-stubble residues |
| url | https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/390 |
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