Systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dysglycemia
Abstract Background Daily step counts is an intuitive metric that has demonstrated success in motivating physical activity in adults and may hold potential for future public health physical activity recommendations. This review seeks to clarify the pattern of the associations between daily steps and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12966-020-00978-9 |
| _version_ | 1818064218036895744 |
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| author | Katherine S. Hall Eric T. Hyde David R. Bassett Susan A. Carlson Mercedes R. Carnethon Ulf Ekelund Kelly R. Evenson Deborah A. Galuska William E. Kraus I-Min Lee Charles E. Matthews John D. Omura Amanda E. Paluch William I. Thomas Janet E. Fulton |
| author_facet | Katherine S. Hall Eric T. Hyde David R. Bassett Susan A. Carlson Mercedes R. Carnethon Ulf Ekelund Kelly R. Evenson Deborah A. Galuska William E. Kraus I-Min Lee Charles E. Matthews John D. Omura Amanda E. Paluch William I. Thomas Janet E. Fulton |
| author_sort | Katherine S. Hall |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Daily step counts is an intuitive metric that has demonstrated success in motivating physical activity in adults and may hold potential for future public health physical activity recommendations. This review seeks to clarify the pattern of the associations between daily steps and subsequent all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality, and dysglycemia, as well as the number of daily steps needed for health outcomes. Methods A systematic review was conducted to identify prospective studies assessing daily step count measured by pedometer or accelerometer and their associations with all-cause mortality, CVD morbidity or mortality, and dysglycemia (dysglycemia or diabetes incidence, insulin sensitivity, fasting glucose, HbA1c). The search was performed across the Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases from inception to August 1, 2019. Eligibility criteria included longitudinal design with health outcomes assessed at baseline and subsequent timepoints; defining steps per day as the exposure; reporting all-cause mortality, CVD morbidity or mortality, and/or dysglycemia outcomes; adults ≥18 years old; and non-patient populations. Results Seventeen prospective studies involving over 30,000 adults were identified. Five studies reported on all-cause mortality (follow-up time 4–10 years), four on cardiovascular risk or events (6 months to 6 years), and eight on dysglycemia outcomes (3 months to 5 years). For each 1000 daily step count increase at baseline, risk reductions in all-cause mortality (6–36%) and CVD (5–21%) at follow-up were estimated across a subsample of included studies. There was no evidence of significant interaction by age, sex, health conditions or behaviors (e.g., alcohol use, smoking status, diet) among studies that tested for interactions. Studies examining dysglycemia outcomes report inconsistent findings, partially due to heterogeneity across studies of glycemia-related biomarker outcomes, analytic approaches, and sample characteristics. Conclusions Evidence from longitudinal data consistently demonstrated that walking an additional 1000 steps per day can help lower the risk of all-cause mortality, and CVD morbidity and mortality in adults, and that health benefits are present below 10,000 steps per day. However, the shape of the dose-response relation is not yet clear. Data are currently lacking to identify a specific minimum threshold of daily step counts needed to obtain overall health benefit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T14:32:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04b8c67926f344d79e8c12b80521f021 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1479-5868 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T14:32:30Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity |
| spelling | doaj.art-04b8c67926f344d79e8c12b80521f0212022-12-22T01:44:54ZengBMCInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity1479-58682020-06-0117111410.1186/s12966-020-00978-9Systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dysglycemiaKatherine S. Hall0Eric T. Hyde1David R. Bassett2Susan A. Carlson3Mercedes R. Carnethon4Ulf Ekelund5Kelly R. Evenson6Deborah A. Galuska7William E. Kraus8I-Min Lee9Charles E. Matthews10John D. Omura11Amanda E. Paluch12William I. Thomas13Janet E. Fulton14Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham VA Health Care SystemDivision of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDepartment of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of TennesseeDivision of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern UniversityDepartment of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway and Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina – Chapel HillDivision of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionClaude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Duke Aging Center, and the Department of Medicine, Duke UniversityBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthMetabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteDivision of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDepartment of Kinesiology, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of MassachusettsOffice of Library Science, Office of Science, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Background Daily step counts is an intuitive metric that has demonstrated success in motivating physical activity in adults and may hold potential for future public health physical activity recommendations. This review seeks to clarify the pattern of the associations between daily steps and subsequent all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality, and dysglycemia, as well as the number of daily steps needed for health outcomes. Methods A systematic review was conducted to identify prospective studies assessing daily step count measured by pedometer or accelerometer and their associations with all-cause mortality, CVD morbidity or mortality, and dysglycemia (dysglycemia or diabetes incidence, insulin sensitivity, fasting glucose, HbA1c). The search was performed across the Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases from inception to August 1, 2019. Eligibility criteria included longitudinal design with health outcomes assessed at baseline and subsequent timepoints; defining steps per day as the exposure; reporting all-cause mortality, CVD morbidity or mortality, and/or dysglycemia outcomes; adults ≥18 years old; and non-patient populations. Results Seventeen prospective studies involving over 30,000 adults were identified. Five studies reported on all-cause mortality (follow-up time 4–10 years), four on cardiovascular risk or events (6 months to 6 years), and eight on dysglycemia outcomes (3 months to 5 years). For each 1000 daily step count increase at baseline, risk reductions in all-cause mortality (6–36%) and CVD (5–21%) at follow-up were estimated across a subsample of included studies. There was no evidence of significant interaction by age, sex, health conditions or behaviors (e.g., alcohol use, smoking status, diet) among studies that tested for interactions. Studies examining dysglycemia outcomes report inconsistent findings, partially due to heterogeneity across studies of glycemia-related biomarker outcomes, analytic approaches, and sample characteristics. Conclusions Evidence from longitudinal data consistently demonstrated that walking an additional 1000 steps per day can help lower the risk of all-cause mortality, and CVD morbidity and mortality in adults, and that health benefits are present below 10,000 steps per day. However, the shape of the dose-response relation is not yet clear. Data are currently lacking to identify a specific minimum threshold of daily step counts needed to obtain overall health benefit.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12966-020-00978-9Physical activityWalkingDiabetesPreventionAccelerometerPhysical activity guidelines |
| spellingShingle | Katherine S. Hall Eric T. Hyde David R. Bassett Susan A. Carlson Mercedes R. Carnethon Ulf Ekelund Kelly R. Evenson Deborah A. Galuska William E. Kraus I-Min Lee Charles E. Matthews John D. Omura Amanda E. Paluch William I. Thomas Janet E. Fulton Systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dysglycemia International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity Physical activity Walking Diabetes Prevention Accelerometer Physical activity guidelines |
| title | Systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dysglycemia |
| title_full | Systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dysglycemia |
| title_fullStr | Systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dysglycemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dysglycemia |
| title_short | Systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and dysglycemia |
| title_sort | systematic review of the prospective association of daily step counts with risk of mortality cardiovascular disease and dysglycemia |
| topic | Physical activity Walking Diabetes Prevention Accelerometer Physical activity guidelines |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12966-020-00978-9 |
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