Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in South Africa
PROBLEM: The World Health Organization has produced clear guidelines for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ensuring that all PMTCT programme components are implemented to a high quality in all facilities presents challenges. AP...
| 主要な著者: | , , , , , , , |
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| フォーマット: | 論文 |
| 言語: | English |
| 出版事項: |
The World Health Organization
2013-01-01
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| シリーズ: | Bulletin of the World Health Organization |
| オンライン･アクセス: | http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862013000100013&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1827333853927178240 |
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| author | Peter Barron Yogan Pillay Tanya Doherty Gayle Sherman Debra Jackson Sanjana Bhardwaj Precious Robinson Ameena Goga |
| author_facet | Peter Barron Yogan Pillay Tanya Doherty Gayle Sherman Debra Jackson Sanjana Bhardwaj Precious Robinson Ameena Goga |
| author_sort | Peter Barron |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PROBLEM: The World Health Organization has produced clear guidelines for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ensuring that all PMTCT programme components are implemented to a high quality in all facilities presents challenges. APPROACH: Although South Africa initiated its PMTCT programme in 2002, later than most other countries, political support has increased since 2008. Operational research has received more attention and objective data have been used more effectively. LOCAL SETTING: In 2010, around 30% of all pregnant women in South Africa were HIV-positive and half of all deaths in children younger than 5 years were associated with the virus. RELEVANT CHANGES: Between 2008 and 2011, the estimated proportion of HIV-exposed infants younger than 2 months who underwent routine polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests to detect early HIV transmission increased from 36.6% to 70.4%. The estimated HIV transmission rate decreased from 9.6% to 2.8%. Population-based surveys in 2010 and 2011 reported transmission rates of 3.5% and 2.7%, respectively. LESSONS LEARNT: Critical actions for improving programme outcomes included: ensuring rapid implementation of changes in PMTCT policy at the field level through training and guideline dissemination; ensuring good coordination with technical partners, such as international health agencies and international and local nongovernmental organizations; and making use of data and indicators on all aspects of the PMTCT programme. Enabling health-care staff at primary care facilities to initiate antiretroviral therapy and expanding laboratory services for measuring CD4+ T-cell counts and for PCR testing were also helpful. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T17:37:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04d99ba605b541f2916d36893b2e758d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0042-9686 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T17:37:36Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | The World Health Organization |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bulletin of the World Health Organization |
| spelling | doaj.art-04d99ba605b541f2916d36893b2e758d2024-03-02T16:33:04ZengThe World Health OrganizationBulletin of the World Health Organization0042-96862013-01-01911707410.2471/BLT.12.106807S0042-96862013000100013Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in South AfricaPeter Barron0Yogan Pillay1Tanya Doherty2Gayle Sherman3Debra Jackson4Sanjana Bhardwaj5Precious Robinson6Ameena Goga7University of WitwatersrandDepartment of HealthMedical Research CouncilUniversity of WitwatersrandUniversity of Western CapeUnited Nations Children's FundDepartment of HealthMedical Research CouncilPROBLEM: The World Health Organization has produced clear guidelines for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, ensuring that all PMTCT programme components are implemented to a high quality in all facilities presents challenges. APPROACH: Although South Africa initiated its PMTCT programme in 2002, later than most other countries, political support has increased since 2008. Operational research has received more attention and objective data have been used more effectively. LOCAL SETTING: In 2010, around 30% of all pregnant women in South Africa were HIV-positive and half of all deaths in children younger than 5 years were associated with the virus. RELEVANT CHANGES: Between 2008 and 2011, the estimated proportion of HIV-exposed infants younger than 2 months who underwent routine polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests to detect early HIV transmission increased from 36.6% to 70.4%. The estimated HIV transmission rate decreased from 9.6% to 2.8%. Population-based surveys in 2010 and 2011 reported transmission rates of 3.5% and 2.7%, respectively. LESSONS LEARNT: Critical actions for improving programme outcomes included: ensuring rapid implementation of changes in PMTCT policy at the field level through training and guideline dissemination; ensuring good coordination with technical partners, such as international health agencies and international and local nongovernmental organizations; and making use of data and indicators on all aspects of the PMTCT programme. Enabling health-care staff at primary care facilities to initiate antiretroviral therapy and expanding laboratory services for measuring CD4+ T-cell counts and for PCR testing were also helpful.http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862013000100013&lng=en&tlng=en |
| spellingShingle | Peter Barron Yogan Pillay Tanya Doherty Gayle Sherman Debra Jackson Sanjana Bhardwaj Precious Robinson Ameena Goga Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in South Africa Bulletin of the World Health Organization |
| title | Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in South Africa |
| title_full | Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in South Africa |
| title_short | Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in South Africa |
| title_sort | eliminating mother to child hiv transmission in south africa |
| url | http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0042-96862013000100013&lng=en&tlng=en |
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