Analysis of Three Species of <i>Cassipourea</i> Traditionally Used for Hypermelanosis in Selected Provinces in South Africa
There is a growing demand and use of herbal cosmetics for skin purposes due to their perceived safety when applied to the skin. Three <i>Cassipourea</i> species commonly known as “ummemezi” are used interchangeably by women in rural areas of Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces to tr...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/237 |
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| author | Nomakhosi Mpofana Masande Yalo Nceba Gqaleni Ncoza Cordelia Dlova Ahmed A. Hussein |
| author_facet | Nomakhosi Mpofana Masande Yalo Nceba Gqaleni Ncoza Cordelia Dlova Ahmed A. Hussein |
| author_sort | Nomakhosi Mpofana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is a growing demand and use of herbal cosmetics for skin purposes due to their perceived safety when applied to the skin. Three <i>Cassipourea</i> species commonly known as “ummemezi” are used interchangeably by women in rural areas of Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces to treat hypermelanosis as well as sun protection. We conducted a phytochemical comparison of three <i>Cassipourea</i> species; <i>Cassipourea flanaganii</i> (Schinz) Alston, <i>Cassipourea gummiflua</i> Tul. verticillata (N.E.Br.) J. Lewis and <i>Cassipourea malosana</i> (Baker) Alston by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis in negative mode. The results obtained from the LC-MS/MS yielded a total number of twenty-four compounds of different chemical classes, including fatty acids, steroids, di- and tri-terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and eighteen among them were tentatively identified. The LC-MS /MS analysis showed that the three studied <i>Cassipourea</i> extracts contain compounds that have anti-tyrosinase activity and consequently. The presence of these compounds, either in synergy or individually, can be attributed to the anti-tyrosinase effect. Although the traditional names of the species are used interchangeably, they are different, however, they possess similar skin-lightening properties. Despite the recent popularity of modern cosmetic products, plants continue to play an important role in the local cosmetics industry in South Africa’s Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal community provinces. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:04:56Z |
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| id | doaj.art-04d9f561d1ca49ab94780f24f63d6e29 |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:04:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-04d9f561d1ca49ab94780f24f63d6e292024-01-10T14:58:43ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-12-0125123710.3390/ijms25010237Analysis of Three Species of <i>Cassipourea</i> Traditionally Used for Hypermelanosis in Selected Provinces in South AfricaNomakhosi Mpofana0Masande Yalo1Nceba Gqaleni2Ncoza Cordelia Dlova3Ahmed A. Hussein4Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 8000, South AfricaDiscipline of Traditional Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South AfricaNelson R Mandela School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South AfricaDepartment of Chemistry, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 8000, South AfricaThere is a growing demand and use of herbal cosmetics for skin purposes due to their perceived safety when applied to the skin. Three <i>Cassipourea</i> species commonly known as “ummemezi” are used interchangeably by women in rural areas of Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces to treat hypermelanosis as well as sun protection. We conducted a phytochemical comparison of three <i>Cassipourea</i> species; <i>Cassipourea flanaganii</i> (Schinz) Alston, <i>Cassipourea gummiflua</i> Tul. verticillata (N.E.Br.) J. Lewis and <i>Cassipourea malosana</i> (Baker) Alston by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis in negative mode. The results obtained from the LC-MS/MS yielded a total number of twenty-four compounds of different chemical classes, including fatty acids, steroids, di- and tri-terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and eighteen among them were tentatively identified. The LC-MS /MS analysis showed that the three studied <i>Cassipourea</i> extracts contain compounds that have anti-tyrosinase activity and consequently. The presence of these compounds, either in synergy or individually, can be attributed to the anti-tyrosinase effect. Although the traditional names of the species are used interchangeably, they are different, however, they possess similar skin-lightening properties. Despite the recent popularity of modern cosmetic products, plants continue to play an important role in the local cosmetics industry in South Africa’s Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal community provinces.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/237medicinal plantstyrosinase inhibitionmelanin inhibitionhypermelanosiscosmeticsskin lightening |
| spellingShingle | Nomakhosi Mpofana Masande Yalo Nceba Gqaleni Ncoza Cordelia Dlova Ahmed A. Hussein Analysis of Three Species of <i>Cassipourea</i> Traditionally Used for Hypermelanosis in Selected Provinces in South Africa International Journal of Molecular Sciences medicinal plants tyrosinase inhibition melanin inhibition hypermelanosis cosmetics skin lightening |
| title | Analysis of Three Species of <i>Cassipourea</i> Traditionally Used for Hypermelanosis in Selected Provinces in South Africa |
| title_full | Analysis of Three Species of <i>Cassipourea</i> Traditionally Used for Hypermelanosis in Selected Provinces in South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Three Species of <i>Cassipourea</i> Traditionally Used for Hypermelanosis in Selected Provinces in South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Three Species of <i>Cassipourea</i> Traditionally Used for Hypermelanosis in Selected Provinces in South Africa |
| title_short | Analysis of Three Species of <i>Cassipourea</i> Traditionally Used for Hypermelanosis in Selected Provinces in South Africa |
| title_sort | analysis of three species of i cassipourea i traditionally used for hypermelanosis in selected provinces in south africa |
| topic | medicinal plants tyrosinase inhibition melanin inhibition hypermelanosis cosmetics skin lightening |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/237 |
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