Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) as a Potential Autologous Growth Factor for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) is a prothrombin precursor produced in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because of deficiency of vitamin K or γ-glutamyl carboxylase in HCC cells, the 10 glutamic acid (Glu) residues in prothrombin precursor did not completely carboxylate to γ...
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Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG
2014-08-01
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| Series: | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/366308 |
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| author | Yu-Sheng Zhang Jia-Hui Chu Shu-Xiang Cui Zhi-Yu Song Xian-Jun Qu |
| author_facet | Yu-Sheng Zhang Jia-Hui Chu Shu-Xiang Cui Zhi-Yu Song Xian-Jun Qu |
| author_sort | Yu-Sheng Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) is a prothrombin precursor produced in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because of deficiency of vitamin K or γ-glutamyl carboxylase in HCC cells, the 10 glutamic acid (Glu) residues in prothrombin precursor did not completely carboxylate to γ-carboxylated glutamic acid (Gla) residues, leaving some Glu residues remained in N-terminal domain. These prothrombin precursors with Glu residues are called DCPs. DCP displays insufficient coagulation activity. Since Liebman reported an elevated plasma DCP in patients with HCC, DCP has been used in the diagnosis of HCC. Recently, its biological malignant potential has been specified to describe DCP as an autologous growth factor to stimulate HCC growth and a paracrine factor to integrate HCC with vascular endothelial cells. DCP was found to stimulate HCC growth through activation of the DCP-Met-JAK1-STAT3 signaling pathway. DCP might increase HCC invasion and metastasis through activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) and the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway. DCP has also been found to play a crucial role in the formation of angiogenesis. DCP could increase the angiogenic factors released from HCC and vascular endothelial cells. These effects of DCP in angiogenesis might be related to activation of the DCP-KDR-PLC-γ-MAPK signaling pathway. In this article, we summarized recent studies on DCP in biological roles related to cancer progression and angiogenesis in HCC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T19:58:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04e352a1c8a844ef9c795c81a998a87a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1015-8987 1421-9778 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T19:58:33Z |
| publishDate | 2014-08-01 |
| publisher | Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-04e352a1c8a844ef9c795c81a998a87a2022-12-22T00:13:48ZengCell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KGCellular Physiology and Biochemistry1015-89871421-97782014-08-0134390391510.1159/000366308366308Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) as a Potential Autologous Growth Factor for the Development of Hepatocellular CarcinomaYu-Sheng ZhangJia-Hui ChuShu-Xiang CuiZhi-Yu SongXian-Jun QuDes-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) is a prothrombin precursor produced in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because of deficiency of vitamin K or γ-glutamyl carboxylase in HCC cells, the 10 glutamic acid (Glu) residues in prothrombin precursor did not completely carboxylate to γ-carboxylated glutamic acid (Gla) residues, leaving some Glu residues remained in N-terminal domain. These prothrombin precursors with Glu residues are called DCPs. DCP displays insufficient coagulation activity. Since Liebman reported an elevated plasma DCP in patients with HCC, DCP has been used in the diagnosis of HCC. Recently, its biological malignant potential has been specified to describe DCP as an autologous growth factor to stimulate HCC growth and a paracrine factor to integrate HCC with vascular endothelial cells. DCP was found to stimulate HCC growth through activation of the DCP-Met-JAK1-STAT3 signaling pathway. DCP might increase HCC invasion and metastasis through activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) and the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway. DCP has also been found to play a crucial role in the formation of angiogenesis. DCP could increase the angiogenic factors released from HCC and vascular endothelial cells. These effects of DCP in angiogenesis might be related to activation of the DCP-KDR-PLC-γ-MAPK signaling pathway. In this article, we summarized recent studies on DCP in biological roles related to cancer progression and angiogenesis in HCC.http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/366308Autologous growth factorHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)AngiogenesisSignaling pathwaysDes-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP)Paracrine factorStimulation |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Sheng Zhang Jia-Hui Chu Shu-Xiang Cui Zhi-Yu Song Xian-Jun Qu Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) as a Potential Autologous Growth Factor for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry Autologous growth factor Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Angiogenesis Signaling pathways Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) Paracrine factor Stimulation |
| title | Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) as a Potential Autologous Growth Factor for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_full | Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) as a Potential Autologous Growth Factor for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) as a Potential Autologous Growth Factor for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) as a Potential Autologous Growth Factor for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_short | Des-γ-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) as a Potential Autologous Growth Factor for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_sort | des 947 carboxy prothrombin dcp as a potential autologous growth factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma |
| topic | Autologous growth factor Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Angiogenesis Signaling pathways Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) Paracrine factor Stimulation |
| url | http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/366308 |
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