Estimation of Ground Subsidence Deformation Induced by Underground Coal Mining with GNSS-IR
In this paper, GNSS interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) is firstly proposed to estimate ground surface subsidence caused by underground coal mining. Ground subsidence on the main direction of a coal seam is described by using the probability integral model (PIM) with unknown parameters. Based on...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/96 |
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| author | Huaizhi Bo Yunwei Li Xianfeng Tan Zhoubin Dong Guodong Zheng Qi Wang Kegen Yu |
| author_facet | Huaizhi Bo Yunwei Li Xianfeng Tan Zhoubin Dong Guodong Zheng Qi Wang Kegen Yu |
| author_sort | Huaizhi Bo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, GNSS interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) is firstly proposed to estimate ground surface subsidence caused by underground coal mining. Ground subsidence on the main direction of a coal seam is described by using the probability integral model (PIM) with unknown parameters. Based on the laws of reflection in geometric optics, model of GNSS signal-to-noise (SNR) observation for the tilt surface, which results from differential subsidence of ground points, is derived. Semi-cycle SNR observations fitting method is used to determine the phase of the SNR series. Phase variation of the SNR series is used to calculate reflector height of ground specular reflection point. Based on the reflector height and ground tilt angle, an iterative algorithm is proposed to determine coefficients of PIM, and thus subsidence of the ground reflection point. By using the low-cost navigational GNSS receiver and antenna, an experimental campaign was conducted to validate the proposed method. The results show that, when the maximum subsidence is 3076 mm, the maximum relative error of the proposed method-based subsidence estimation is 5.5%. This study also suggests that, based on the proposed method, the navigational GNSS instrument can be treated as a new type of sensor for continuously measuring ground subsidence deformation in a cost-effective way. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:59:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04f05ad89d72492dbb0e3a2ab1d5f6d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:59:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-04f05ad89d72492dbb0e3a2ab1d5f6d02023-11-30T23:05:32ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-12-011519610.3390/rs15010096Estimation of Ground Subsidence Deformation Induced by Underground Coal Mining with GNSS-IRHuaizhi Bo0Yunwei Li1Xianfeng Tan2Zhoubin Dong3Guodong Zheng4Qi Wang5Kegen Yu6Lunan Geology and Exploration Institute of Shandong Province of China, Jining 272000, ChinaSchool of Space Science and Physics, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, ChinaLunan Geology and Exploration Institute of Shandong Province of China, Jining 272000, ChinaLunan Geology and Exploration Institute of Shandong Province of China, Jining 272000, ChinaLunan Geology and Exploration Institute of Shandong Province of China, Jining 272000, ChinaChengdu Institute of Surveying and Mapping Survey, Chengdu 610081, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaIn this paper, GNSS interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) is firstly proposed to estimate ground surface subsidence caused by underground coal mining. Ground subsidence on the main direction of a coal seam is described by using the probability integral model (PIM) with unknown parameters. Based on the laws of reflection in geometric optics, model of GNSS signal-to-noise (SNR) observation for the tilt surface, which results from differential subsidence of ground points, is derived. Semi-cycle SNR observations fitting method is used to determine the phase of the SNR series. Phase variation of the SNR series is used to calculate reflector height of ground specular reflection point. Based on the reflector height and ground tilt angle, an iterative algorithm is proposed to determine coefficients of PIM, and thus subsidence of the ground reflection point. By using the low-cost navigational GNSS receiver and antenna, an experimental campaign was conducted to validate the proposed method. The results show that, when the maximum subsidence is 3076 mm, the maximum relative error of the proposed method-based subsidence estimation is 5.5%. This study also suggests that, based on the proposed method, the navigational GNSS instrument can be treated as a new type of sensor for continuously measuring ground subsidence deformation in a cost-effective way.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/96ground subsidenceprobability integral model (PIM)GNSS-IRphase variation of SNRiterative algorithm |
| spellingShingle | Huaizhi Bo Yunwei Li Xianfeng Tan Zhoubin Dong Guodong Zheng Qi Wang Kegen Yu Estimation of Ground Subsidence Deformation Induced by Underground Coal Mining with GNSS-IR Remote Sensing ground subsidence probability integral model (PIM) GNSS-IR phase variation of SNR iterative algorithm |
| title | Estimation of Ground Subsidence Deformation Induced by Underground Coal Mining with GNSS-IR |
| title_full | Estimation of Ground Subsidence Deformation Induced by Underground Coal Mining with GNSS-IR |
| title_fullStr | Estimation of Ground Subsidence Deformation Induced by Underground Coal Mining with GNSS-IR |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimation of Ground Subsidence Deformation Induced by Underground Coal Mining with GNSS-IR |
| title_short | Estimation of Ground Subsidence Deformation Induced by Underground Coal Mining with GNSS-IR |
| title_sort | estimation of ground subsidence deformation induced by underground coal mining with gnss ir |
| topic | ground subsidence probability integral model (PIM) GNSS-IR phase variation of SNR iterative algorithm |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/1/96 |
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