Food addiction in a large non-clinical sample of Canadians
Introduction The concept of food addiction emerged recently due to the similarities between food overconsumption patterns and addictive drugs. This concept is not yet included into ICD or DSM as it still needs to be further investigated. Relationship between obesity and food consumption as well as...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2021-04-01
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| Series: | European Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933821021817/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1797616479914426368 |
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| author | A. Samokhvalov C. Murphy I. Balodis J. Mackillop |
| author_facet | A. Samokhvalov C. Murphy I. Balodis J. Mackillop |
| author_sort | A. Samokhvalov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction
The concept of food addiction emerged recently due to the similarities between food overconsumption patterns and addictive drugs. This concept is not yet included into ICD or DSM as it still needs to be further investigated. Relationship between obesity and food consumption as well as the psychological indicators of food addiction are of particular interest.
Objectives
To examine the prevalence of food addiction and its relationship to obesity, quality of life and multiple indicators of impulsivity.
Methods
Cross-sectional in-person assessment of 1432 community adults (age 38.93+/-13.7; 58% female). Measurements: Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, anthropometrics, body composition, World Health Organization Quality of Life scale, and impulsivity measures including impulsive personality traits, delay discounting, and behavioral inhibition.
Results
The prevalence of food addiction was 9.3% and substantially below that of obesity (32.7%). Food addiction was more prevalent among obese individuals and also was associated with higher BMI among non-obese participants. It was associated with significantly lower quality of life in all domains, and significantly higher impulsive personality traits, particularly negative and positive urgency.
Conclusions
In this general community sample, food addiction was present in slightly fewer than 1 in 10 individuals, approximately one-third the prevalence of obesity, but notably the food addiction has been mostly represented within the subsample of obese individuals. Food addiction was robustly associated with substantively lower quality of life and elevations in impulsivity, particularly in deficits in emotional regulation. These data suggest food addiction may be thought of as a subtype of obesity and, in non-obese individuals, possibly a prodrome.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:41:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04f5ca0caca54c83a72a6308a20f77bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0924-9338 1778-3585 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:41:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-04f5ca0caca54c83a72a6308a20f77bb2023-11-17T05:08:21ZengCambridge University PressEuropean Psychiatry0924-93381778-35852021-04-0164S826S82610.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2181Food addiction in a large non-clinical sample of CanadiansA. Samokhvalov0C. Murphy1I. Balodis2J. Mackillop3Department Of Psychiatry And Behavioral Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, CanadaCentre For Alcohol And Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, United States of AmericaDepartment Of Psychiatry And Behavioral Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, CanadaDepartment Of Psychiatry And Behavioral Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada Introduction The concept of food addiction emerged recently due to the similarities between food overconsumption patterns and addictive drugs. This concept is not yet included into ICD or DSM as it still needs to be further investigated. Relationship between obesity and food consumption as well as the psychological indicators of food addiction are of particular interest. Objectives To examine the prevalence of food addiction and its relationship to obesity, quality of life and multiple indicators of impulsivity. Methods Cross-sectional in-person assessment of 1432 community adults (age 38.93+/-13.7; 58% female). Measurements: Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, anthropometrics, body composition, World Health Organization Quality of Life scale, and impulsivity measures including impulsive personality traits, delay discounting, and behavioral inhibition. Results The prevalence of food addiction was 9.3% and substantially below that of obesity (32.7%). Food addiction was more prevalent among obese individuals and also was associated with higher BMI among non-obese participants. It was associated with significantly lower quality of life in all domains, and significantly higher impulsive personality traits, particularly negative and positive urgency. Conclusions In this general community sample, food addiction was present in slightly fewer than 1 in 10 individuals, approximately one-third the prevalence of obesity, but notably the food addiction has been mostly represented within the subsample of obese individuals. Food addiction was robustly associated with substantively lower quality of life and elevations in impulsivity, particularly in deficits in emotional regulation. These data suggest food addiction may be thought of as a subtype of obesity and, in non-obese individuals, possibly a prodrome. Disclosure No significant relationships. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933821021817/type/journal_articlequality of lifeImpulsivityfood addictionobesity |
| spellingShingle | A. Samokhvalov C. Murphy I. Balodis J. Mackillop Food addiction in a large non-clinical sample of Canadians European Psychiatry quality of life Impulsivity food addiction obesity |
| title | Food addiction in a large non-clinical sample of Canadians |
| title_full | Food addiction in a large non-clinical sample of Canadians |
| title_fullStr | Food addiction in a large non-clinical sample of Canadians |
| title_full_unstemmed | Food addiction in a large non-clinical sample of Canadians |
| title_short | Food addiction in a large non-clinical sample of Canadians |
| title_sort | food addiction in a large non clinical sample of canadians |
| topic | quality of life Impulsivity food addiction obesity |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933821021817/type/journal_article |
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