Effect of an Antenatal Lifestyle Intervention on Dietary Inflammatory Index and Its Associations with Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS Trial
We investigated the effect of an antenatal lifestyle intervention of a low-glycaemic index (GI) diet and physical activity on energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII<sup>TM</sup>) and explored its relationship with maternal and child health in women with overweight and obesity....
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2798 |
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| author | Sarah Louise Killeen Catherine M. Phillips Anna Delahunt Cara A. Yelverton Nitin Shivappa James R. Hébert Maria A. Kennelly Martina Cronin John Mehegan Fionnuala M. McAuliffe |
| author_facet | Sarah Louise Killeen Catherine M. Phillips Anna Delahunt Cara A. Yelverton Nitin Shivappa James R. Hébert Maria A. Kennelly Martina Cronin John Mehegan Fionnuala M. McAuliffe |
| author_sort | Sarah Louise Killeen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We investigated the effect of an antenatal lifestyle intervention of a low-glycaemic index (GI) diet and physical activity on energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII<sup>TM</sup>) and explored its relationship with maternal and child health in women with overweight and obesity. This was a secondary analysis of 434 mother−child pairs from the Pregnancy Exercise and Nutrition Study (PEARS) trial in Dublin, Ireland. E-DII<sup>TM</sup> scores were calculated for early (10–16 weeks) and late (28 weeks) pregnancy. Outcomes included lipids, inflammation markers, insulin resistance, mode of delivery, infant size, pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes. T-tests were used to assess changes in E-DII<sup>TM</sup>. Chi-square, correlations, and multiple regression were employed to investigate relationships with outcomes. The mean (SD) age of participants was 32.45 (4.29) years with median (IQR) BMI 28.25 (26.70, 31.34) kg/m<sup>2</sup>. There was no change in E-DII<sup>TM</sup> in the controls (−0.14 (1.19) vs. −0.07 (1.09), <i>p</i> = 0.465) but E-DII<sup>TM</sup> reduced by 10% after the intervention (0.01 (1.07) vs −0.75 (1.05), <i>p</i> < 0.001). No associations were found between early pregnancy E-DII<sup>TM</sup> and maternal and child outcomes, except for increased odds of adverse cardiometabolic phenotype in women who delivered male (OR = 2.29, <i>p</i> = 0.010) but not female infants (OR = 0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.960). A low-GI antenatal intervention can reduce the inflammatory potential of diets. Sex differences should be explored further in future research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:29:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04f9abc892bf45e2bbb1e3b3697b3bd2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:29:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-04f9abc892bf45e2bbb1e3b3697b3bd22023-11-22T09:06:17ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-08-01138279810.3390/nu13082798Effect of an Antenatal Lifestyle Intervention on Dietary Inflammatory Index and Its Associations with Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS TrialSarah Louise Killeen0Catherine M. Phillips1Anna Delahunt2Cara A. Yelverton3Nitin Shivappa4James R. Hébert5Maria A. Kennelly6Martina Cronin7John Mehegan8Fionnuala M. McAuliffe9UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, IrelandSchool of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, IrelandUCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, IrelandUCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, IrelandCancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina and Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29208, USACancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina and Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29208, USAUCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, IrelandDepartment of Midwifery, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, IrelandSchool of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, IrelandUCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, IrelandWe investigated the effect of an antenatal lifestyle intervention of a low-glycaemic index (GI) diet and physical activity on energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII<sup>TM</sup>) and explored its relationship with maternal and child health in women with overweight and obesity. This was a secondary analysis of 434 mother−child pairs from the Pregnancy Exercise and Nutrition Study (PEARS) trial in Dublin, Ireland. E-DII<sup>TM</sup> scores were calculated for early (10–16 weeks) and late (28 weeks) pregnancy. Outcomes included lipids, inflammation markers, insulin resistance, mode of delivery, infant size, pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes. T-tests were used to assess changes in E-DII<sup>TM</sup>. Chi-square, correlations, and multiple regression were employed to investigate relationships with outcomes. The mean (SD) age of participants was 32.45 (4.29) years with median (IQR) BMI 28.25 (26.70, 31.34) kg/m<sup>2</sup>. There was no change in E-DII<sup>TM</sup> in the controls (−0.14 (1.19) vs. −0.07 (1.09), <i>p</i> = 0.465) but E-DII<sup>TM</sup> reduced by 10% after the intervention (0.01 (1.07) vs −0.75 (1.05), <i>p</i> < 0.001). No associations were found between early pregnancy E-DII<sup>TM</sup> and maternal and child outcomes, except for increased odds of adverse cardiometabolic phenotype in women who delivered male (OR = 2.29, <i>p</i> = 0.010) but not female infants (OR = 0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.960). A low-GI antenatal intervention can reduce the inflammatory potential of diets. Sex differences should be explored further in future research.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2798dietary inflammatory indexglycaemic indexinterventionantenatallifestyleobesity |
| spellingShingle | Sarah Louise Killeen Catherine M. Phillips Anna Delahunt Cara A. Yelverton Nitin Shivappa James R. Hébert Maria A. Kennelly Martina Cronin John Mehegan Fionnuala M. McAuliffe Effect of an Antenatal Lifestyle Intervention on Dietary Inflammatory Index and Its Associations with Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS Trial Nutrients dietary inflammatory index glycaemic index intervention antenatal lifestyle obesity |
| title | Effect of an Antenatal Lifestyle Intervention on Dietary Inflammatory Index and Its Associations with Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS Trial |
| title_full | Effect of an Antenatal Lifestyle Intervention on Dietary Inflammatory Index and Its Associations with Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS Trial |
| title_fullStr | Effect of an Antenatal Lifestyle Intervention on Dietary Inflammatory Index and Its Associations with Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of an Antenatal Lifestyle Intervention on Dietary Inflammatory Index and Its Associations with Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS Trial |
| title_short | Effect of an Antenatal Lifestyle Intervention on Dietary Inflammatory Index and Its Associations with Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the PEARS Trial |
| title_sort | effect of an antenatal lifestyle intervention on dietary inflammatory index and its associations with maternal and fetal outcomes a secondary analysis of the pears trial |
| topic | dietary inflammatory index glycaemic index intervention antenatal lifestyle obesity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2798 |
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