Pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
Tolypocladium cylindrosporum is an entomopathogenic fungi that has been studied as a biological control agent against insects of several orders. The fungus has been isolated from the soil as well as from insects of the orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera. In this study, we analyz...
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Vicerractoría Investigación
2012-06-01
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| Series: | Revista de Biología Tropical |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-77442012000200025&lng=en&tlng=en |
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| author | Ana C Scorsetti Lorena A Elíades Sebastián A Stenglein Marta N Cabello Sebastián A Pelizza Mario C.N Saparrat |
| author_facet | Ana C Scorsetti Lorena A Elíades Sebastián A Stenglein Marta N Cabello Sebastián A Pelizza Mario C.N Saparrat |
| author_sort | Ana C Scorsetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tolypocladium cylindrosporum is an entomopathogenic fungi that has been studied as a biological control agent against insects of several orders. The fungus has been isolated from the soil as well as from insects of the orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera. In this study, we analyzed the ability of a strain of T. cylindrosporum, isolated from soil samples taken in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, to produce hydrolytic enzymes, and to study the relationship of those activities to the fungus pathogenicity against pest aphids. We have made the traditional and molecular characterization of this strain of T. cylindrosporum. The expression of hydrolase activity in the fungal strain was estimated at three incubation temperatures (4ºC, 12ºC and 24ºC), on different agar media supplemented with the following specific substrates: chitin azure, Tween ® 20, casein, and urea for chitinase, lipase, protease, and urease activity, respectively. The hydrolytic-enzyme activity was estimated qualitatively according to the presence of a halo of clarification through hydrolase action, besides was expressed semi-quantitatively as the ratio between the hydrolytic-halo and colony diameters. The pathogenicity of the fungus was tested on adults of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi at three temperatures of incubation (4ºC, 12ºC and 24ºC). The suspension was adjusted to a concentration of 1x10 7 conidia/ml. In pathogenicity assays at seven days post-inoculation, the fungus caused the mortality of adults of Ropalosiphum padi at different temperatures also showed a broad ability to grow on several agar-culture media, supplemented with different carbon sources at the three incubation temperatures tested. Although, the growth was greater with higher incubation temperatures (with maximum levels at 24°C), the fungus reached similar colony diameters after 15 days of incubation on the medium supplemented with Tween® 20 at the lower two incubation temperatures of 4°C or 12°C. In accordance with the results on colony diameters, the fungus revealed an ability to degrade casein, chitin derivatives, Tween® 20, and urea as evidenced by the appearance of a halo around the fungal colony. Because of its origin and temperature tolerance, this Argentine strain has great potential for use as a biocontrol agent for insect pest control in cold and temperate environments. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (2): 833-841. Epub 2012 June 01. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:52:27Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:52:27Z |
| publishDate | 2012-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-04fdb2c2c7ce438e85fa62ce04361b502023-09-02T20:29:03ZengVicerractoría InvestigaciónRevista de Biología Tropical0034-77442012-06-01602833841S0034-77442012000200025Pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) from Tierra del Fuego, ArgentinaAna C Scorsetti0Lorena A Elíades1Sebastián A Stenglein2Marta N Cabello3Sebastián A Pelizza4Mario C.N Saparrat5Instituto de Botánica Carlos Spegazzini (FCNyM-UNLP)Instituto de Botánica Carlos Spegazzini (FCNyM-UNLP)UNCPBAComisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la provincia de Buenos Aires), CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLPUniversidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)- CCT-La Plata- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Tolypocladium cylindrosporum is an entomopathogenic fungi that has been studied as a biological control agent against insects of several orders. The fungus has been isolated from the soil as well as from insects of the orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera. In this study, we analyzed the ability of a strain of T. cylindrosporum, isolated from soil samples taken in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, to produce hydrolytic enzymes, and to study the relationship of those activities to the fungus pathogenicity against pest aphids. We have made the traditional and molecular characterization of this strain of T. cylindrosporum. The expression of hydrolase activity in the fungal strain was estimated at three incubation temperatures (4ºC, 12ºC and 24ºC), on different agar media supplemented with the following specific substrates: chitin azure, Tween ® 20, casein, and urea for chitinase, lipase, protease, and urease activity, respectively. The hydrolytic-enzyme activity was estimated qualitatively according to the presence of a halo of clarification through hydrolase action, besides was expressed semi-quantitatively as the ratio between the hydrolytic-halo and colony diameters. The pathogenicity of the fungus was tested on adults of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi at three temperatures of incubation (4ºC, 12ºC and 24ºC). The suspension was adjusted to a concentration of 1x10 7 conidia/ml. In pathogenicity assays at seven days post-inoculation, the fungus caused the mortality of adults of Ropalosiphum padi at different temperatures also showed a broad ability to grow on several agar-culture media, supplemented with different carbon sources at the three incubation temperatures tested. Although, the growth was greater with higher incubation temperatures (with maximum levels at 24°C), the fungus reached similar colony diameters after 15 days of incubation on the medium supplemented with Tween® 20 at the lower two incubation temperatures of 4°C or 12°C. In accordance with the results on colony diameters, the fungus revealed an ability to degrade casein, chitin derivatives, Tween® 20, and urea as evidenced by the appearance of a halo around the fungal colony. Because of its origin and temperature tolerance, this Argentine strain has great potential for use as a biocontrol agent for insect pest control in cold and temperate environments. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (2): 833-841. Epub 2012 June 01.http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-77442012000200025&lng=en&tlng=encontrol biológicoactividad quitinolíticaentomopatogénesishidrolasasmicroorganismos de sueloTolypocladium cylindrosporum |
| spellingShingle | Ana C Scorsetti Lorena A Elíades Sebastián A Stenglein Marta N Cabello Sebastián A Pelizza Mario C.N Saparrat Pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Revista de Biología Tropical control biológico actividad quitinolítica entomopatogénesis hidrolasas microorganismos de suelo Tolypocladium cylindrosporum |
| title | Pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina |
| title_full | Pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina |
| title_fullStr | Pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina |
| title_short | Pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina |
| title_sort | pathogenic and enzyme activities of the entomopathogenic fungus tolypocladium cylindrosporum ascomycota hypocreales from tierra del fuego argentina |
| topic | control biológico actividad quitinolítica entomopatogénesis hidrolasas microorganismos de suelo Tolypocladium cylindrosporum |
| url | http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-77442012000200025&lng=en&tlng=en |
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