Properties of Red Mud Neutralized with Sulfuric Acid and Effects on Cement Mortar
The purpose of this study was to recycle red mud, an industrial byproduct that generates 300,000 tons per year, into the construction industry. Red mud was prepared as a liquid, neutralized with sulfuric acid, and replaced with cement mortar. The properties of liquefied red mud (LRM) neutralized wit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4730 |
| _version_ | 1797591322316505088 |
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| author | Suk-Pyo Kang Sang-Jin Kim Seong-Uk Hong Byoung-Ky Lee |
| author_facet | Suk-Pyo Kang Sang-Jin Kim Seong-Uk Hong Byoung-Ky Lee |
| author_sort | Suk-Pyo Kang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this study was to recycle red mud, an industrial byproduct that generates 300,000 tons per year, into the construction industry. Red mud was prepared as a liquid, neutralized with sulfuric acid, and replaced with cement mortar. The properties of liquefied red mud (LRM) neutralized with sulfuric acid (LRM + S) were investigated as well as its effect on cement mortar’s mechanical and hydration characteristics. The pH of LRM + S stabilized at 7.6; its SO<sub>3</sub> content was ~4.19% higher than that of LRM. Sulfites were contributed by calcium and sodium sulfate. The flows and setting times of the mortars containing LRM and LRM + S decreased as the substitution rate increased. The compressive strength of mortar that replaced 5% of cement with LRM + S was similar to that of the plain cement mortar. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed that the hydration products of LRM + S-containing cement mortar were similar to those of the plain cement mortar. Thus, LRM + S can be used as a cement substitute. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:35:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-04fde4341a454d368c8c820b343a66cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:35:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-04fde4341a454d368c8c820b343a66cb2023-11-18T16:59:00ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-06-011613473010.3390/ma16134730Properties of Red Mud Neutralized with Sulfuric Acid and Effects on Cement MortarSuk-Pyo Kang0Sang-Jin Kim1Seong-Uk Hong2Byoung-Ky Lee3Department of Construction Engineering, Woosuk University, Jincheon 27841, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Architecture, Woosuk University, Jincheon 27841, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Construction Engineering, Woosuk University, Jincheon 27841, Republic of KoreaCOCHEMS Co., Ltd., Industrial Tools Circulating Center, 160, Daehwa-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 34368, Republic of KoreaThe purpose of this study was to recycle red mud, an industrial byproduct that generates 300,000 tons per year, into the construction industry. Red mud was prepared as a liquid, neutralized with sulfuric acid, and replaced with cement mortar. The properties of liquefied red mud (LRM) neutralized with sulfuric acid (LRM + S) were investigated as well as its effect on cement mortar’s mechanical and hydration characteristics. The pH of LRM + S stabilized at 7.6; its SO<sub>3</sub> content was ~4.19% higher than that of LRM. Sulfites were contributed by calcium and sodium sulfate. The flows and setting times of the mortars containing LRM and LRM + S decreased as the substitution rate increased. The compressive strength of mortar that replaced 5% of cement with LRM + S was similar to that of the plain cement mortar. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed that the hydration products of LRM + S-containing cement mortar were similar to those of the plain cement mortar. Thus, LRM + S can be used as a cement substitute.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4730red mudliquefied red mudneutralized red mudcement mortarsrecyclingX-ray diffraction |
| spellingShingle | Suk-Pyo Kang Sang-Jin Kim Seong-Uk Hong Byoung-Ky Lee Properties of Red Mud Neutralized with Sulfuric Acid and Effects on Cement Mortar Materials red mud liquefied red mud neutralized red mud cement mortars recycling X-ray diffraction |
| title | Properties of Red Mud Neutralized with Sulfuric Acid and Effects on Cement Mortar |
| title_full | Properties of Red Mud Neutralized with Sulfuric Acid and Effects on Cement Mortar |
| title_fullStr | Properties of Red Mud Neutralized with Sulfuric Acid and Effects on Cement Mortar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Properties of Red Mud Neutralized with Sulfuric Acid and Effects on Cement Mortar |
| title_short | Properties of Red Mud Neutralized with Sulfuric Acid and Effects on Cement Mortar |
| title_sort | properties of red mud neutralized with sulfuric acid and effects on cement mortar |
| topic | red mud liquefied red mud neutralized red mud cement mortars recycling X-ray diffraction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4730 |
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