Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in Vietnam
The objective of this study was to establish drought classification maps to simulate and calculate the lack of discharge in the Ba River basin in Vietnam. The maps were established using three meteorological drought indices (the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Drought Index (J), and the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Hydrology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/6/2/49 |
| _version_ | 1818019223048290304 |
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| author | Doan Quang Tri Tran Tho Dat Dinh Duc Truong |
| author_facet | Doan Quang Tri Tran Tho Dat Dinh Duc Truong |
| author_sort | Doan Quang Tri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study was to establish drought classification maps to simulate and calculate the lack of discharge in the Ba River basin in Vietnam. The maps were established using three meteorological drought indices (the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Drought Index (J), and the Ped Index (Ped)), the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, and the hydrological drought index (K<sub>Drought</sub>). The results from the calculation of the SPI, Aridity Index (AI), and Ped at three stations (An Khe, Ayunpa, and MDrak) showed that the J index was suitable for the study area. Based on the J index, an extreme drought was predicted to occur at the Ayunpa, An Khe, and MDrak stations. During the calibration process, the SWAT Calibration Uncertainties Program (SWAT-CUP) model, with automatic algorithms, was used to select the parameters to optimize the SWAT model. For the calibration and validation, the observed discharge at two hydrology stations, An Khe and Cung Son, from the periods 1981−1991 and 1992−2002, respectively, were used. The simulated discharge was found to be acceptable, with the Nash−Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Percent bias (PBIAS), and R<sup>2</sup> reaching good levels in both calibration and validation. The results from the calculation of the drought index (K<sub>Drought</sub>), and the established drought classification maps in 2016, showed that the most affected areas were the communes of the Gia Lai and Dak Lak provinces. The results from the simulation and calculations were found to be consistent with the situation that occurred in practice. The application of meteorological and hydrological drought indices, as well as the hydrological model, to support impact assessments of drought classification in space and time, as well as the establishment of forecasting and warning maps, will help managers to effectively plan policy responses to drought. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:49:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05080a80032d4ba3b73b9ee7b9101865 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5338 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:49:27Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hydrology |
| spelling | doaj.art-05080a80032d4ba3b73b9ee7b91018652022-12-22T02:05:14ZengMDPI AGHydrology2306-53382019-06-01624910.3390/hydrology6020049hydrology6020049Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in VietnamDoan Quang Tri0Tran Tho Dat1Dinh Duc Truong2Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, VietnamFaculty of Environmental, Climate Change and Urban Studies, National Economics University, Hanoi 10000, VietnamFaculty of Environmental, Climate Change and Urban Studies, National Economics University, Hanoi 10000, VietnamThe objective of this study was to establish drought classification maps to simulate and calculate the lack of discharge in the Ba River basin in Vietnam. The maps were established using three meteorological drought indices (the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Drought Index (J), and the Ped Index (Ped)), the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, and the hydrological drought index (K<sub>Drought</sub>). The results from the calculation of the SPI, Aridity Index (AI), and Ped at three stations (An Khe, Ayunpa, and MDrak) showed that the J index was suitable for the study area. Based on the J index, an extreme drought was predicted to occur at the Ayunpa, An Khe, and MDrak stations. During the calibration process, the SWAT Calibration Uncertainties Program (SWAT-CUP) model, with automatic algorithms, was used to select the parameters to optimize the SWAT model. For the calibration and validation, the observed discharge at two hydrology stations, An Khe and Cung Son, from the periods 1981−1991 and 1992−2002, respectively, were used. The simulated discharge was found to be acceptable, with the Nash−Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Percent bias (PBIAS), and R<sup>2</sup> reaching good levels in both calibration and validation. The results from the calculation of the drought index (K<sub>Drought</sub>), and the established drought classification maps in 2016, showed that the most affected areas were the communes of the Gia Lai and Dak Lak provinces. The results from the simulation and calculations were found to be consistent with the situation that occurred in practice. The application of meteorological and hydrological drought indices, as well as the hydrological model, to support impact assessments of drought classification in space and time, as well as the establishment of forecasting and warning maps, will help managers to effectively plan policy responses to drought.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/6/2/49meteorological droughtSWAT modelhydrological droughtdrought classification mapsBa River basin |
| spellingShingle | Doan Quang Tri Tran Tho Dat Dinh Duc Truong Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in Vietnam Hydrology meteorological drought SWAT model hydrological drought drought classification maps Ba River basin |
| title | Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in Vietnam |
| title_full | Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in Vietnam |
| title_fullStr | Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in Vietnam |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in Vietnam |
| title_short | Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in Vietnam |
| title_sort | application of meteorological and hydrological drought indices to establish drought classification maps of the ba river basin in vietnam |
| topic | meteorological drought SWAT model hydrological drought drought classification maps Ba River basin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/6/2/49 |
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