Objective Quantification of In-Hospital Patient Mobilization after Cardiac Surgery Using Accelerometers: Selection, Use, and Analysis
Cardiac surgery patients infrequently mobilize during their hospital stay. It is unclear for patients why mobilization is important, and exact progress of mobilization activities is not available. The aim of this study was to select and evaluate accelerometers for objective qualification of in-hospi...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1979 |
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| author | Frank R. Halfwerk Jeroen H. L. van Haaren Randy Klaassen Robby W. van Delden Peter H. Veltink Jan G. Grandjean |
| author_facet | Frank R. Halfwerk Jeroen H. L. van Haaren Randy Klaassen Robby W. van Delden Peter H. Veltink Jan G. Grandjean |
| author_sort | Frank R. Halfwerk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiac surgery patients infrequently mobilize during their hospital stay. It is unclear for patients why mobilization is important, and exact progress of mobilization activities is not available. The aim of this study was to select and evaluate accelerometers for objective qualification of in-hospital mobilization after cardiac surgery. Six static and dynamic patient activities were defined to measure patient mobilization during the postoperative hospital stay. Device requirements were formulated, and the available devices reviewed. A triaxial accelerometer (AX3, Axivity) was selected for a clinical pilot in a heart surgery ward and placed on both the upper arm and upper leg. An artificial neural network algorithm was applied to classify lying in bed, sitting in a chair, standing, walking, cycling on an exercise bike, and walking the stairs. The primary endpoint was the daily amount of each activity performed between 7 a.m. and 11 p.m. The secondary endpoints were length of intensive care unit stay and surgical ward stay. A subgroup analysis for male and female patients was planned. In total, 29 patients were classified after cardiac surgery with an intensive care unit stay of 1 (1 to 2) night and surgical ward stay of 5 (3 to 6) nights. Patients spent 41 (20 to 62) min less time in bed for each consecutive hospital day, as determined by a mixed-model analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Standing, walking, and walking the stairs increased during the hospital stay. No differences between men (<i>n</i> = 22) and women (<i>n</i> = 7) were observed for all endpoints in this study. The approach presented in this study is applicable for measuring all six activities and for monitoring postoperative recovery of cardiac surgery patients. A next step is to provide feedback to patients and healthcare professionals, to speed up recovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:19:56Z |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:19:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-051b3cae46114c5cb3dd1d0182790a1b2023-11-21T10:05:02ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-03-01216197910.3390/s21061979Objective Quantification of In-Hospital Patient Mobilization after Cardiac Surgery Using Accelerometers: Selection, Use, and AnalysisFrank R. Halfwerk0Jeroen H. L. van Haaren1Randy Klaassen2Robby W. van Delden3Peter H. Veltink4Jan G. Grandjean5Thoraxcentrum Twente, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50 000, 7500 KA Enschede, The NetherlandsThoraxcentrum Twente, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50 000, 7500 KA Enschede, The NetherlandsHuman Media Interaction Lab, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The NetherlandsHuman Media Interaction Lab, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of Biomedical Signals and Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The NetherlandsThoraxcentrum Twente, Medisch Spectrum Twente, P.O. Box 50 000, 7500 KA Enschede, The NetherlandsCardiac surgery patients infrequently mobilize during their hospital stay. It is unclear for patients why mobilization is important, and exact progress of mobilization activities is not available. The aim of this study was to select and evaluate accelerometers for objective qualification of in-hospital mobilization after cardiac surgery. Six static and dynamic patient activities were defined to measure patient mobilization during the postoperative hospital stay. Device requirements were formulated, and the available devices reviewed. A triaxial accelerometer (AX3, Axivity) was selected for a clinical pilot in a heart surgery ward and placed on both the upper arm and upper leg. An artificial neural network algorithm was applied to classify lying in bed, sitting in a chair, standing, walking, cycling on an exercise bike, and walking the stairs. The primary endpoint was the daily amount of each activity performed between 7 a.m. and 11 p.m. The secondary endpoints were length of intensive care unit stay and surgical ward stay. A subgroup analysis for male and female patients was planned. In total, 29 patients were classified after cardiac surgery with an intensive care unit stay of 1 (1 to 2) night and surgical ward stay of 5 (3 to 6) nights. Patients spent 41 (20 to 62) min less time in bed for each consecutive hospital day, as determined by a mixed-model analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Standing, walking, and walking the stairs increased during the hospital stay. No differences between men (<i>n</i> = 22) and women (<i>n</i> = 7) were observed for all endpoints in this study. The approach presented in this study is applicable for measuring all six activities and for monitoring postoperative recovery of cardiac surgery patients. A next step is to provide feedback to patients and healthcare professionals, to speed up recovery.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1979wearable technologyearly ambulationthoracic surgeryactivity classificationk-fold cross validationLOO cross-validation |
| spellingShingle | Frank R. Halfwerk Jeroen H. L. van Haaren Randy Klaassen Robby W. van Delden Peter H. Veltink Jan G. Grandjean Objective Quantification of In-Hospital Patient Mobilization after Cardiac Surgery Using Accelerometers: Selection, Use, and Analysis Sensors wearable technology early ambulation thoracic surgery activity classification k-fold cross validation LOO cross-validation |
| title | Objective Quantification of In-Hospital Patient Mobilization after Cardiac Surgery Using Accelerometers: Selection, Use, and Analysis |
| title_full | Objective Quantification of In-Hospital Patient Mobilization after Cardiac Surgery Using Accelerometers: Selection, Use, and Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Objective Quantification of In-Hospital Patient Mobilization after Cardiac Surgery Using Accelerometers: Selection, Use, and Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Objective Quantification of In-Hospital Patient Mobilization after Cardiac Surgery Using Accelerometers: Selection, Use, and Analysis |
| title_short | Objective Quantification of In-Hospital Patient Mobilization after Cardiac Surgery Using Accelerometers: Selection, Use, and Analysis |
| title_sort | objective quantification of in hospital patient mobilization after cardiac surgery using accelerometers selection use and analysis |
| topic | wearable technology early ambulation thoracic surgery activity classification k-fold cross validation LOO cross-validation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/6/1979 |
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