Effects of a Real Exposure Class XC4 Mediterranean Climate Environment in the Behavior of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and Limestone
For improving the contribution of the cement industry to mitigate global warming, many strategies have been put into practice, such as the use of eco-friendly cements with the incorporation of additions substituting clinker. Nevertheless, the use of ternary binders for the production of commercial c...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/19/5848 |
| _version_ | 1797516032514981888 |
|---|---|
| author | Javier Ibáñez-Gosálvez Teresa Real-Herraiz José Marcos Ortega |
| author_facet | Javier Ibáñez-Gosálvez Teresa Real-Herraiz José Marcos Ortega |
| author_sort | Javier Ibáñez-Gosálvez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For improving the contribution of the cement industry to mitigate global warming, many strategies have been put into practice, such as the use of eco-friendly cements with the incorporation of additions substituting clinker. Nevertheless, the use of ternary binders for the production of commercial cements is still reduced, particularly in Spain. The purpose of this research is to characterize the long-term influence produced by the exposure to a real in situ inland Mediterranean climate condition in the pore network, parameters related to durability and mechanical performance of mortars made with ternary binders, which incorporated limestone, fly ash, and ground granulated blast-furnace slag, in comparison with mortars without additions and binary blended mortars. The site verified the specifications of exposure class XC4 of Eurocode 2. The ternary and binary binders accomplished the prescriptions of cement type CEM II/B. The pore network was studied with mercury intrusion porosimetry and electrical resistivity. Water absorption, diffusion coefficient, carbonation depth, ultrasonic pulse velocity, compressive and flexural strengths have been determined. The exposure to the environment produced after 250 days an increase in porosity, a loss of pore refinement, a rise of the carbonation depths, and a reduction in the mechanical strengths, highlighting the better overall performance of ternary mortar with both fly ash and slag. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:55:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05207efaa3ca4a93a886c3498304b3fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:55:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-05207efaa3ca4a93a886c3498304b3fd2023-11-22T16:28:04ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-10-011419584810.3390/ma14195848Effects of a Real Exposure Class XC4 Mediterranean Climate Environment in the Behavior of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and LimestoneJavier Ibáñez-Gosálvez0Teresa Real-Herraiz1José Marcos Ortega2Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. Correos 99, 03080 Alicante, SpainInstituto de Matemática Multidisciplinar, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainDepartamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. Correos 99, 03080 Alicante, SpainFor improving the contribution of the cement industry to mitigate global warming, many strategies have been put into practice, such as the use of eco-friendly cements with the incorporation of additions substituting clinker. Nevertheless, the use of ternary binders for the production of commercial cements is still reduced, particularly in Spain. The purpose of this research is to characterize the long-term influence produced by the exposure to a real in situ inland Mediterranean climate condition in the pore network, parameters related to durability and mechanical performance of mortars made with ternary binders, which incorporated limestone, fly ash, and ground granulated blast-furnace slag, in comparison with mortars without additions and binary blended mortars. The site verified the specifications of exposure class XC4 of Eurocode 2. The ternary and binary binders accomplished the prescriptions of cement type CEM II/B. The pore network was studied with mercury intrusion porosimetry and electrical resistivity. Water absorption, diffusion coefficient, carbonation depth, ultrasonic pulse velocity, compressive and flexural strengths have been determined. The exposure to the environment produced after 250 days an increase in porosity, a loss of pore refinement, a rise of the carbonation depths, and a reduction in the mechanical strengths, highlighting the better overall performance of ternary mortar with both fly ash and slag.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/19/5848ternary bindersMediterranean climate environmentreal condition exposureclass XC4fly ashground granulated blast-furnace slag |
| spellingShingle | Javier Ibáñez-Gosálvez Teresa Real-Herraiz José Marcos Ortega Effects of a Real Exposure Class XC4 Mediterranean Climate Environment in the Behavior of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and Limestone Materials ternary binders Mediterranean climate environment real condition exposure class XC4 fly ash ground granulated blast-furnace slag |
| title | Effects of a Real Exposure Class XC4 Mediterranean Climate Environment in the Behavior of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and Limestone |
| title_full | Effects of a Real Exposure Class XC4 Mediterranean Climate Environment in the Behavior of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and Limestone |
| title_fullStr | Effects of a Real Exposure Class XC4 Mediterranean Climate Environment in the Behavior of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and Limestone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of a Real Exposure Class XC4 Mediterranean Climate Environment in the Behavior of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and Limestone |
| title_short | Effects of a Real Exposure Class XC4 Mediterranean Climate Environment in the Behavior of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and Limestone |
| title_sort | effects of a real exposure class xc4 mediterranean climate environment in the behavior of mortars made using ternary binders with addition of slag fly ash and limestone |
| topic | ternary binders Mediterranean climate environment real condition exposure class XC4 fly ash ground granulated blast-furnace slag |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/19/5848 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT javieribanezgosalvez effectsofarealexposureclassxc4mediterraneanclimateenvironmentinthebehaviorofmortarsmadeusingternarybinderswithadditionofslagflyashandlimestone AT teresarealherraiz effectsofarealexposureclassxc4mediterraneanclimateenvironmentinthebehaviorofmortarsmadeusingternarybinderswithadditionofslagflyashandlimestone AT josemarcosortega effectsofarealexposureclassxc4mediterraneanclimateenvironmentinthebehaviorofmortarsmadeusingternarybinderswithadditionofslagflyashandlimestone |