Understanding the Role of Plasma Bullet Currents in Heating Skin to Mitigate Risks of Thermal Damage Caused by Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jets
Low-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma jets are generally considered a safe medical technology with no significant long-term side effects in clinical studies reported to date. However, there are studies emerging that show plasma jets can cause significant side effects in the form of skin burns...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Plasma |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6182/6/1/9 |
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| author | Shunya Hashimoto Hideo Fukuhara Endre J. Szili Chiaki Kawada Sung-Ha Hong Yuta Matsumoto Tatsuru Shirafuji Masayuki Tsuda Atsushi Kurabayashi Mutsuo Furihata Hiroshi Furuta Akimitsu Hatta Keiji Inoue Jun-Seok Oh |
| author_facet | Shunya Hashimoto Hideo Fukuhara Endre J. Szili Chiaki Kawada Sung-Ha Hong Yuta Matsumoto Tatsuru Shirafuji Masayuki Tsuda Atsushi Kurabayashi Mutsuo Furihata Hiroshi Furuta Akimitsu Hatta Keiji Inoue Jun-Seok Oh |
| author_sort | Shunya Hashimoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma jets are generally considered a safe medical technology with no significant long-term side effects in clinical studies reported to date. However, there are studies emerging that show plasma jets can cause significant side effects in the form of skin burns under certain conditions. Therefore, with a view of developing safer plasma treatment approaches, in this study we have set out to provide new insights into the cause of these skin burns and how to tailor plasma treatments to mitigate these effects. We discovered that joule heating by the plasma bullet currents is responsible for creating skin burns during helium plasma jet treatment of live mice. These burns can be mitigated by treating the mice at a further distance so that the visible plasma plume does not contact the skin. Under these treatment conditions we also show that the plasma jet treatment still retains its medically beneficial property of producing reactive oxygen species in vivo. Therefore, treatment distance is an important parameter for consideration when assessing the safety of medical plasma treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:59:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0520a7d04a5f4f4db82ae78f3d4140e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-6182 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:59:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plasma |
| spelling | doaj.art-0520a7d04a5f4f4db82ae78f3d4140e02023-11-17T13:23:45ZengMDPI AGPlasma2571-61822023-02-016110311410.3390/plasma6010009Understanding the Role of Plasma Bullet Currents in Heating Skin to Mitigate Risks of Thermal Damage Caused by Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma JetsShunya Hashimoto0Hideo Fukuhara1Endre J. Szili2Chiaki Kawada3Sung-Ha Hong4Yuta Matsumoto5Tatsuru Shirafuji6Masayuki Tsuda7Atsushi Kurabayashi8Mutsuo Furihata9Hiroshi Furuta10Akimitsu Hatta11Keiji Inoue12Jun-Seok Oh13Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanDepartment of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, JapanFuture Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, AustraliaDepartment of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, JapanFuture Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5095, AustraliaGraduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanDivision of Laboratory Animal Science, Life and Functional Materials, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, JapanDepartment of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, JapanDepartment of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, JapanDepartment of Electronic & Photonic Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi 782-8502, JapanDepartment of Electronic & Photonic Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi 782-8502, JapanDepartment of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8505, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, JapanLow-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma jets are generally considered a safe medical technology with no significant long-term side effects in clinical studies reported to date. However, there are studies emerging that show plasma jets can cause significant side effects in the form of skin burns under certain conditions. Therefore, with a view of developing safer plasma treatment approaches, in this study we have set out to provide new insights into the cause of these skin burns and how to tailor plasma treatments to mitigate these effects. We discovered that joule heating by the plasma bullet currents is responsible for creating skin burns during helium plasma jet treatment of live mice. These burns can be mitigated by treating the mice at a further distance so that the visible plasma plume does not contact the skin. Under these treatment conditions we also show that the plasma jet treatment still retains its medically beneficial property of producing reactive oxygen species in vivo. Therefore, treatment distance is an important parameter for consideration when assessing the safety of medical plasma treatments.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6182/6/1/9nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasmahelium plasma jetbullet currentsjoule heatinggas temperaturemouse skin |
| spellingShingle | Shunya Hashimoto Hideo Fukuhara Endre J. Szili Chiaki Kawada Sung-Ha Hong Yuta Matsumoto Tatsuru Shirafuji Masayuki Tsuda Atsushi Kurabayashi Mutsuo Furihata Hiroshi Furuta Akimitsu Hatta Keiji Inoue Jun-Seok Oh Understanding the Role of Plasma Bullet Currents in Heating Skin to Mitigate Risks of Thermal Damage Caused by Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jets Plasma nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma helium plasma jet bullet currents joule heating gas temperature mouse skin |
| title | Understanding the Role of Plasma Bullet Currents in Heating Skin to Mitigate Risks of Thermal Damage Caused by Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jets |
| title_full | Understanding the Role of Plasma Bullet Currents in Heating Skin to Mitigate Risks of Thermal Damage Caused by Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jets |
| title_fullStr | Understanding the Role of Plasma Bullet Currents in Heating Skin to Mitigate Risks of Thermal Damage Caused by Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding the Role of Plasma Bullet Currents in Heating Skin to Mitigate Risks of Thermal Damage Caused by Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jets |
| title_short | Understanding the Role of Plasma Bullet Currents in Heating Skin to Mitigate Risks of Thermal Damage Caused by Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jets |
| title_sort | understanding the role of plasma bullet currents in heating skin to mitigate risks of thermal damage caused by low temperature atmospheric pressure plasma jets |
| topic | nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma helium plasma jet bullet currents joule heating gas temperature mouse skin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6182/6/1/9 |
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