Evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in MF/RO treatment of primary effluent for water reuse – Pilot study
This study experimented with the novel approach of using a microfiltration (MF) and reverse osmosis (RO) treatment train to treat the effluent of a primary settling tank at the Inland Empire Utility Agency in Chino, CA. The pilot used polyvinylidene fluoride hollow-fiber MF modules as pretreatment f...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://jwrd.iwaponline.com/content/9/4/350 |
| _version_ | 1828444620870123520 |
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| author | Mojtaba Farrokh Shad Graham J. G. Juby Saied Delagah Mohamadali Sharbatmaleki |
| author_facet | Mojtaba Farrokh Shad Graham J. G. Juby Saied Delagah Mohamadali Sharbatmaleki |
| author_sort | Mojtaba Farrokh Shad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study experimented with the novel approach of using a microfiltration (MF) and reverse osmosis (RO) treatment train to treat the effluent of a primary settling tank at the Inland Empire Utility Agency in Chino, CA. The pilot used polyvinylidene fluoride hollow-fiber MF modules as pretreatment for an RO skid, which used Hydranautics ESPA2 membranes in a two-stage configuration with a feed capacity of 6 gallon per minute (gpm). In this pilot configuration, researchers monitored the removal of 38 most prevalent contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) through the MF/RO process. To investigate how operating the RO process at two fixed recovery rates of 55% and 80% would affect the performance of the MF/RO membranes, researchers applied different fluxes (8, 10, 12 and 14 gal/d/ft2 (gfd)) and evaluated the removal of CECs in 1-stage and 2-stage RO configurations. The occurrence of CECs in the MF influent, MF effluent, RO permeate, and RO concentrate were analyzed and studied. In the first phase (1-stage the RO process), flux of 14 gfd showed a better rejection value of inorganics (95.2%) when compared with those of other fluxes. Meanwhile, in the second phase (2-stage RO process), flux of 12 gfd showed a better rejection of inorganics (93.7%) when compared with those of other fluxes. Although concentrations of CECs slightly decreased in the RO permeate as the flux has increased, statistical analysis showed no significant differences between different fluxes in terms of CEC rejection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:46:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05215152a73249d88b3d78c85a8076e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2220-1319 2408-9370 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:46:10Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination |
| spelling | doaj.art-05215152a73249d88b3d78c85a8076e72022-12-22T01:32:21ZengIWA PublishingJournal of Water Reuse and Desalination2220-13192408-93702019-12-019435037110.2166/wrd.2019.004004Evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in MF/RO treatment of primary effluent for water reuse – Pilot studyMojtaba Farrokh Shad0Graham J. G. Juby1Saied Delagah2Mohamadali Sharbatmaleki3 Department of Civil Engineering, California State Polytechnic University, 3801 W Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768, USA Carollo Engineers, Inc., 3150 Bristol St, #500, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, USA US Bureau of Reclamation, Federal Center 6th & Kipling, Bldg 67, Denver, CO 80225, USA Department of Civil Engineering, California State Polytechnic University, 3801 W Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768, USA This study experimented with the novel approach of using a microfiltration (MF) and reverse osmosis (RO) treatment train to treat the effluent of a primary settling tank at the Inland Empire Utility Agency in Chino, CA. The pilot used polyvinylidene fluoride hollow-fiber MF modules as pretreatment for an RO skid, which used Hydranautics ESPA2 membranes in a two-stage configuration with a feed capacity of 6 gallon per minute (gpm). In this pilot configuration, researchers monitored the removal of 38 most prevalent contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) through the MF/RO process. To investigate how operating the RO process at two fixed recovery rates of 55% and 80% would affect the performance of the MF/RO membranes, researchers applied different fluxes (8, 10, 12 and 14 gal/d/ft2 (gfd)) and evaluated the removal of CECs in 1-stage and 2-stage RO configurations. The occurrence of CECs in the MF influent, MF effluent, RO permeate, and RO concentrate were analyzed and studied. In the first phase (1-stage the RO process), flux of 14 gfd showed a better rejection value of inorganics (95.2%) when compared with those of other fluxes. Meanwhile, in the second phase (2-stage RO process), flux of 12 gfd showed a better rejection of inorganics (93.7%) when compared with those of other fluxes. Although concentrations of CECs slightly decreased in the RO permeate as the flux has increased, statistical analysis showed no significant differences between different fluxes in terms of CEC rejection.http://jwrd.iwaponline.com/content/9/4/350contaminants of emerging concernmicrofiltrationreverse osmosiswastewater treatmentwater reuse |
| spellingShingle | Mojtaba Farrokh Shad Graham J. G. Juby Saied Delagah Mohamadali Sharbatmaleki Evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in MF/RO treatment of primary effluent for water reuse – Pilot study Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination contaminants of emerging concern microfiltration reverse osmosis wastewater treatment water reuse |
| title | Evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in MF/RO treatment of primary effluent for water reuse – Pilot study |
| title_full | Evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in MF/RO treatment of primary effluent for water reuse – Pilot study |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in MF/RO treatment of primary effluent for water reuse – Pilot study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in MF/RO treatment of primary effluent for water reuse – Pilot study |
| title_short | Evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in MF/RO treatment of primary effluent for water reuse – Pilot study |
| title_sort | evaluating occurrence of contaminants of emerging concerns in mf ro treatment of primary effluent for water reuse pilot study |
| topic | contaminants of emerging concern microfiltration reverse osmosis wastewater treatment water reuse |
| url | http://jwrd.iwaponline.com/content/9/4/350 |
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