Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges
Enteric viral and bacterial infections continue to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young children in low-income and middle-income countries, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Vaccines are considered an effective and practical preventive approach against the predominant...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Gut Microbes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1770666 |
| _version_ | 1818439372574294016 |
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| author | Hyesuk Seo Qiangde Duan Weiping Zhang |
| author_facet | Hyesuk Seo Qiangde Duan Weiping Zhang |
| author_sort | Hyesuk Seo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enteric viral and bacterial infections continue to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young children in low-income and middle-income countries, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Vaccines are considered an effective and practical preventive approach against the predominantly fecal-to-oral transmitted gastroenteritis particularly in the resource-limited countries or regions where implementation of sanitation systems and supply of safe drinking water are not quickly achievable. While vaccines are available for a few enteric pathogens including rotavirus and cholera, there are no vaccines licensed for many other enteric viral and bacterial pathogens. Challenges in enteric vaccine development include immunological heterogeneity among pathogen strains or isolates, a lack of animal challenge models to evaluate vaccine candidacy, undefined host immune correlates to protection, and a low protective efficacy among young children in endemic regions. In this article, we briefly updated the progress and challenges in vaccines and vaccine development for the leading enteric viral and bacterial pathogens including rotavirus, human calicivirus, Shigella, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), cholera, nontyphoidal Salmonella, and Campylobacter, and introduced a novel epitope- and structure-based vaccinology platform known as MEFA (multiepitope fusion antigen) and the application of MEFA for developing broadly protective multivalent vaccines against heterogenous pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:55:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05241bb0c1cd494fbcf414a05e4aa4a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1949-0976 1949-0984 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:55:25Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gut Microbes |
| spelling | doaj.art-05241bb0c1cd494fbcf414a05e4aa4a02022-12-21T22:52:33ZengTaylor & Francis GroupGut Microbes1949-09761949-09842020-11-011161486151710.1080/19490976.2020.17706661770666Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challengesHyesuk Seo0Qiangde Duan1Weiping Zhang2University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUniversity of YangzhouUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignEnteric viral and bacterial infections continue to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young children in low-income and middle-income countries, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Vaccines are considered an effective and practical preventive approach against the predominantly fecal-to-oral transmitted gastroenteritis particularly in the resource-limited countries or regions where implementation of sanitation systems and supply of safe drinking water are not quickly achievable. While vaccines are available for a few enteric pathogens including rotavirus and cholera, there are no vaccines licensed for many other enteric viral and bacterial pathogens. Challenges in enteric vaccine development include immunological heterogeneity among pathogen strains or isolates, a lack of animal challenge models to evaluate vaccine candidacy, undefined host immune correlates to protection, and a low protective efficacy among young children in endemic regions. In this article, we briefly updated the progress and challenges in vaccines and vaccine development for the leading enteric viral and bacterial pathogens including rotavirus, human calicivirus, Shigella, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), cholera, nontyphoidal Salmonella, and Campylobacter, and introduced a novel epitope- and structure-based vaccinology platform known as MEFA (multiepitope fusion antigen) and the application of MEFA for developing broadly protective multivalent vaccines against heterogenous pathogens.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1770666enteric diseasesvaccinologymultiepitope fusion antigen (mefa)enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec)vibrio choleraeshigellanontyphoidal salmonellacampylobacterrotavirusnorovirus |
| spellingShingle | Hyesuk Seo Qiangde Duan Weiping Zhang Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges Gut Microbes enteric diseases vaccinology multiepitope fusion antigen (mefa) enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) vibrio cholerae shigella nontyphoidal salmonella campylobacter rotavirus norovirus |
| title | Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges |
| title_full | Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges |
| title_fullStr | Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges |
| title_short | Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges |
| title_sort | vaccines against gastroenteritis current progress and challenges |
| topic | enteric diseases vaccinology multiepitope fusion antigen (mefa) enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) vibrio cholerae shigella nontyphoidal salmonella campylobacter rotavirus norovirus |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1770666 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hyesukseo vaccinesagainstgastroenteritiscurrentprogressandchallenges AT qiangdeduan vaccinesagainstgastroenteritiscurrentprogressandchallenges AT weipingzhang vaccinesagainstgastroenteritiscurrentprogressandchallenges |