Detection of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, India
Abstract Subsurface hydrocarbon traps are not correctly sealed, and hydrocarbons move vertically from the reservoir as invisible traces in the form of microseepages. Long-term hydrocarbon microseepages cause surface or near-surface alterations such as bleaching of red beds, enrichment of ferrous iro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13202-019-00747-w |
| _version_ | 1811200015735980032 |
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| author | Santosh Garain Debashis Mitra Pranab Das |
| author_facet | Santosh Garain Debashis Mitra Pranab Das |
| author_sort | Santosh Garain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Subsurface hydrocarbon traps are not correctly sealed, and hydrocarbons move vertically from the reservoir as invisible traces in the form of microseepages. Long-term hydrocarbon microseepages cause surface or near-surface alterations such as bleaching of red beds, enrichment of ferrous iron minerals and higher concentrations of clay and carbonate minerals in soils/rocks. Multi- and hyperspectral remote sensing data have successfully been used to detect such alterations in many parts of the world. In India, such studies have not been carried out till now. In this study, Landsat 7 ETM+ images have been used to find out hydrocarbon microseepage-bearing areas in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt in the northeastern part of India. Based on the spectral characteristics of the hydrocarbon microseepage-induced altered minerals, two spectral enhancement techniques, viz. principal component analysis (PCA) and band ratio analysis, have been carried out on the Landsat 7 ETM+ images. PCA reveals that three principal component images—1457PC3, 1345PC2 and 3457PC4—show relatively better enhancement for the hydrocarbon-bearing alteration areas. Again, band ratio analysis of the images indicates that ratio images—3/1, (2 + 5)/(3 + 4) and 7/5—show excellent spectral enhancement for the hydrocarbon-induced mineral alterations. The three PC images have been combined with the three band ratio images to find out probable hydrocarbon microseepage areas. The remote sensing-derived prospect areas have been validated with surface geochemical, seismic/geologic and gravity data available in the area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:57:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-053a00d2cdb940fb8705825689e01b3b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-0558 2190-0566 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:57:40Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-053a00d2cdb940fb8705825689e01b3b2022-12-22T03:52:46ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology2190-05582190-05662019-07-01942573258210.1007/s13202-019-00747-wDetection of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, IndiaSantosh Garain0Debashis Mitra1Pranab Das2Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited, AAFB Exploratory AssetIndian Institute of Remote SensingDepartment of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)Abstract Subsurface hydrocarbon traps are not correctly sealed, and hydrocarbons move vertically from the reservoir as invisible traces in the form of microseepages. Long-term hydrocarbon microseepages cause surface or near-surface alterations such as bleaching of red beds, enrichment of ferrous iron minerals and higher concentrations of clay and carbonate minerals in soils/rocks. Multi- and hyperspectral remote sensing data have successfully been used to detect such alterations in many parts of the world. In India, such studies have not been carried out till now. In this study, Landsat 7 ETM+ images have been used to find out hydrocarbon microseepage-bearing areas in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt in the northeastern part of India. Based on the spectral characteristics of the hydrocarbon microseepage-induced altered minerals, two spectral enhancement techniques, viz. principal component analysis (PCA) and band ratio analysis, have been carried out on the Landsat 7 ETM+ images. PCA reveals that three principal component images—1457PC3, 1345PC2 and 3457PC4—show relatively better enhancement for the hydrocarbon-bearing alteration areas. Again, band ratio analysis of the images indicates that ratio images—3/1, (2 + 5)/(3 + 4) and 7/5—show excellent spectral enhancement for the hydrocarbon-induced mineral alterations. The three PC images have been combined with the three band ratio images to find out probable hydrocarbon microseepage areas. The remote sensing-derived prospect areas have been validated with surface geochemical, seismic/geologic and gravity data available in the area.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13202-019-00747-wHydrocarbon microseepageLandsat 7 ETM+ imagesSpectral enhancementPrincipal componentBand ratioExploration |
| spellingShingle | Santosh Garain Debashis Mitra Pranab Das Detection of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, India Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology Hydrocarbon microseepage Landsat 7 ETM+ images Spectral enhancement Principal component Band ratio Exploration |
| title | Detection of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, India |
| title_full | Detection of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, India |
| title_fullStr | Detection of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, India |
| title_short | Detection of hydrocarbon microseepage-induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, India |
| title_sort | detection of hydrocarbon microseepage induced anomalies by spectral enhancements of landsat 7 etm images in part of assam arakan fold belt india |
| topic | Hydrocarbon microseepage Landsat 7 ETM+ images Spectral enhancement Principal component Band ratio Exploration |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13202-019-00747-w |
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