Changed Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Microbial Population in Fattening Steers Receiving a High Concentrate Diet with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Improve Growth Performance

The effect of dry yeast (DY) (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) supplementation in a high-concentrate diet was evaluated for rumen fermentation, blood parameters, microbial populations, and growth performance in fattening steers. Sixteen crossbred steers (Charolais x American Brahman) at...

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Main Authors: Kampanat Phesatcha, Burarat Phesatcha, Krittika Chunwijitra, Metha Wanapat, Anusorn Cherdthong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-11-01
Series:Veterinary Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/8/12/294
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author Kampanat Phesatcha
Burarat Phesatcha
Krittika Chunwijitra
Metha Wanapat
Anusorn Cherdthong
author_facet Kampanat Phesatcha
Burarat Phesatcha
Krittika Chunwijitra
Metha Wanapat
Anusorn Cherdthong
author_sort Kampanat Phesatcha
collection DOAJ
description The effect of dry yeast (DY) (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) supplementation in a high-concentrate diet was evaluated for rumen fermentation, blood parameters, microbial populations, and growth performance in fattening steers. Sixteen crossbred steers (Charolais x American Brahman) at 375 ± 25 kg live weight were divided into four groups that received DY supplementation at 0, 5, 10, and 15 g/hd/d using a completely randomized block design. Basal diets were fed as a total mixed ration (roughage to concentrate ratio of 30:70). Results showed that supplementation with DY improved dry matter (DM) intake and digestibility of organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but DM and crude protein (CP) were similar among treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Ruminal pH (>6.0) of fattening steer remained stable (<i>p</i> > 0.05), and pH was maintained at or above 6.0 with DY. The concentration of propionic acid (C<sub>3</sub>) increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with 10 and 15 g/hd/d DY supplementation, while acetic acid (C<sub>2</sub>) and butyric acid (C<sub>4</sub>) decreased. Methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) production in the rumen decreased as DY increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <i>Fibrobacter succinogenes</i> and <i>Ruminococcus flavefaciens</i> populations increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas protozoal and methanogen populations decreased with DY addition at 10 and 15 g/hd/d, while <i>Ruminococcus albus</i> did not change (<i>p</i> > 0.05) among the treatments. Adding DY at 10 and 15 g/hd/d improved growth performance. Thus, the addition of DY to fattening steers with a high concentrate diet improved feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen ecology, and growth performance, while mitigating ruminal methane production.
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spelling doaj.art-054c0330e4a84cd9aa45d90aa7fda66f2023-11-23T10:55:40ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812021-11-0181229410.3390/vetsci8120294Changed Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Microbial Population in Fattening Steers Receiving a High Concentrate Diet with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Improve Growth PerformanceKampanat Phesatcha0Burarat Phesatcha1Krittika Chunwijitra2Metha Wanapat3Anusorn Cherdthong4Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, ThailandDepartment of Agricultural Technology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandTropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandThe effect of dry yeast (DY) (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) supplementation in a high-concentrate diet was evaluated for rumen fermentation, blood parameters, microbial populations, and growth performance in fattening steers. Sixteen crossbred steers (Charolais x American Brahman) at 375 ± 25 kg live weight were divided into four groups that received DY supplementation at 0, 5, 10, and 15 g/hd/d using a completely randomized block design. Basal diets were fed as a total mixed ration (roughage to concentrate ratio of 30:70). Results showed that supplementation with DY improved dry matter (DM) intake and digestibility of organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but DM and crude protein (CP) were similar among treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Ruminal pH (>6.0) of fattening steer remained stable (<i>p</i> > 0.05), and pH was maintained at or above 6.0 with DY. The concentration of propionic acid (C<sub>3</sub>) increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with 10 and 15 g/hd/d DY supplementation, while acetic acid (C<sub>2</sub>) and butyric acid (C<sub>4</sub>) decreased. Methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) production in the rumen decreased as DY increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <i>Fibrobacter succinogenes</i> and <i>Ruminococcus flavefaciens</i> populations increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas protozoal and methanogen populations decreased with DY addition at 10 and 15 g/hd/d, while <i>Ruminococcus albus</i> did not change (<i>p</i> > 0.05) among the treatments. Adding DY at 10 and 15 g/hd/d improved growth performance. Thus, the addition of DY to fattening steers with a high concentrate diet improved feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen ecology, and growth performance, while mitigating ruminal methane production.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/8/12/294fattening steersgrowth performancerumen ecologyyeast
spellingShingle Kampanat Phesatcha
Burarat Phesatcha
Krittika Chunwijitra
Metha Wanapat
Anusorn Cherdthong
Changed Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Microbial Population in Fattening Steers Receiving a High Concentrate Diet with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Improve Growth Performance
Veterinary Sciences
fattening steers
growth performance
rumen ecology
yeast
title Changed Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Microbial Population in Fattening Steers Receiving a High Concentrate Diet with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Improve Growth Performance
title_full Changed Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Microbial Population in Fattening Steers Receiving a High Concentrate Diet with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Improve Growth Performance
title_fullStr Changed Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Microbial Population in Fattening Steers Receiving a High Concentrate Diet with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Improve Growth Performance
title_full_unstemmed Changed Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Microbial Population in Fattening Steers Receiving a High Concentrate Diet with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Improve Growth Performance
title_short Changed Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Microbial Population in Fattening Steers Receiving a High Concentrate Diet with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> Improve Growth Performance
title_sort changed rumen fermentation blood parameters and microbial population in fattening steers receiving a high concentrate diet with em saccharomyces cerevisiae em improve growth performance
topic fattening steers
growth performance
rumen ecology
yeast
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/8/12/294
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