Sex Hormone-Specific Neuroanatomy of Takotsubo Syndrome: Is the Insular Cortex a Moderator?
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), a transient form of dysfunction in the heart’s left ventricle, occurs predominantly in postmenopausal women who have emotional stress. Earlier studies support the concept that the human circulatory system is modulated by a cortical network (consisting of the anterior cingul...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/1/110 |
| _version_ | 1797495443976880128 |
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| author | Michiaki Nagai Carola Yvette Förster Keigo Dote |
| author_facet | Michiaki Nagai Carola Yvette Förster Keigo Dote |
| author_sort | Michiaki Nagai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), a transient form of dysfunction in the heart’s left ventricle, occurs predominantly in postmenopausal women who have emotional stress. Earlier studies support the concept that the human circulatory system is modulated by a cortical network (consisting of the anterior cingulate gyrus, amygdala, and insular cortex (Ic)) that plays a pivotal role in the central autonomic nervous system in relation to emotional stressors. The Ic plays a crucial role in the sympathovagal balance, and decreased levels of female sex hormones have been speculated to change functional cerebral asymmetry, with a possible link to autonomic instability. In this review, we focus on the Ic as an important moderator of the human brain–heart axis in association with sex hormones. We also summarize the current knowledge regarding the sex-specific neuroanatomy in TTS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:49:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-054e27b5eb9b4913ac7a1e4ef98b6465 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:49:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-054e27b5eb9b4913ac7a1e4ef98b64652023-11-23T13:07:12ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-01-0112111010.3390/biom12010110Sex Hormone-Specific Neuroanatomy of Takotsubo Syndrome: Is the Insular Cortex a Moderator?Michiaki Nagai0Carola Yvette Förster1Keigo Dote2Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima 731-0293, JapanDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, GermanyDepartment of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima 731-0293, JapanTakotsubo syndrome (TTS), a transient form of dysfunction in the heart’s left ventricle, occurs predominantly in postmenopausal women who have emotional stress. Earlier studies support the concept that the human circulatory system is modulated by a cortical network (consisting of the anterior cingulate gyrus, amygdala, and insular cortex (Ic)) that plays a pivotal role in the central autonomic nervous system in relation to emotional stressors. The Ic plays a crucial role in the sympathovagal balance, and decreased levels of female sex hormones have been speculated to change functional cerebral asymmetry, with a possible link to autonomic instability. In this review, we focus on the Ic as an important moderator of the human brain–heart axis in association with sex hormones. We also summarize the current knowledge regarding the sex-specific neuroanatomy in TTS.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/1/110insular cortexautonomic nervous systemlateralitysex hormonecentral autonomic networkTakotsubo cardiomyopathy |
| spellingShingle | Michiaki Nagai Carola Yvette Förster Keigo Dote Sex Hormone-Specific Neuroanatomy of Takotsubo Syndrome: Is the Insular Cortex a Moderator? Biomolecules insular cortex autonomic nervous system laterality sex hormone central autonomic network Takotsubo cardiomyopathy |
| title | Sex Hormone-Specific Neuroanatomy of Takotsubo Syndrome: Is the Insular Cortex a Moderator? |
| title_full | Sex Hormone-Specific Neuroanatomy of Takotsubo Syndrome: Is the Insular Cortex a Moderator? |
| title_fullStr | Sex Hormone-Specific Neuroanatomy of Takotsubo Syndrome: Is the Insular Cortex a Moderator? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex Hormone-Specific Neuroanatomy of Takotsubo Syndrome: Is the Insular Cortex a Moderator? |
| title_short | Sex Hormone-Specific Neuroanatomy of Takotsubo Syndrome: Is the Insular Cortex a Moderator? |
| title_sort | sex hormone specific neuroanatomy of takotsubo syndrome is the insular cortex a moderator |
| topic | insular cortex autonomic nervous system laterality sex hormone central autonomic network Takotsubo cardiomyopathy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/1/110 |
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