Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology: A review
Electrokinetic (EK) remediation is based on EK concepts that can successfully remove heavy metals (HMs) from soil. Traditional EK remediation is limited by focusing effect, electrode polarization, soil acidification/alkalization, and other variables. Thus, many enhanced technologies have been studie...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535224001758 |
| _version_ | 1797221807627960320 |
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| author | Xiaojun Zheng Qi Li Zongli Wang Ming Chen |
| author_facet | Xiaojun Zheng Qi Li Zongli Wang Ming Chen |
| author_sort | Xiaojun Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrokinetic (EK) remediation is based on EK concepts that can successfully remove heavy metals (HMs) from soil. Traditional EK remediation is limited by focusing effect, electrode polarization, soil acidification/alkalization, and other variables. Thus, many enhanced technologies have been studied to improve EK remediation. This review systematically summarizes the progress of research on enhanced technologies for EK remediation by optimizing EK system key components (ion exchange membranes, electrodes, electrolytes, and power supply), and the advantages and disadvantages of each technology were also compared. Specifically, appropriate electrode materials with high conductivity and EK activity positively influence HMs removal during the EK process. The arrangement of electrode matrix, electrode exchange, and electrode approaching significantly impact HMs removal efficiency and energy consumption cost. Additionally, selecting suitable electrolytes can enhance the dissolution of soil HMs to improve the remediation rate. AC is not commonly used for HMs removal but can effectively combine with phytoremediation techniques. Furthermore, we summarize the application of EK remediation on a field scale and the effects of EK remediation on soil resilience. Finally, we propose the following research prospects: (1) the development of enhanced technology should be based on practical considerations for application on a field scale, (2) soil resilience should be an important indicator for the evaluation of EK remediation, and (3) variation of HMs fraction before and after EK remediation need to be concerned. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T13:11:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05667f3059e749fd9f7e8fb935391411 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-5352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T13:11:18Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-05667f3059e749fd9f7e8fb9353914112024-04-05T04:40:10ZengElsevierArabian Journal of Chemistry1878-53522024-06-01176105773Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology: A reviewXiaojun Zheng0Qi Li1Zongli Wang2Ming Chen3School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Cooperative Innovation Center Jointly Established By the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Cooperative Innovation Center Jointly Established By the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Cooperative Innovation Center Jointly Established By the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Cooperative Innovation Center Jointly Established By the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Corresponding author.Electrokinetic (EK) remediation is based on EK concepts that can successfully remove heavy metals (HMs) from soil. Traditional EK remediation is limited by focusing effect, electrode polarization, soil acidification/alkalization, and other variables. Thus, many enhanced technologies have been studied to improve EK remediation. This review systematically summarizes the progress of research on enhanced technologies for EK remediation by optimizing EK system key components (ion exchange membranes, electrodes, electrolytes, and power supply), and the advantages and disadvantages of each technology were also compared. Specifically, appropriate electrode materials with high conductivity and EK activity positively influence HMs removal during the EK process. The arrangement of electrode matrix, electrode exchange, and electrode approaching significantly impact HMs removal efficiency and energy consumption cost. Additionally, selecting suitable electrolytes can enhance the dissolution of soil HMs to improve the remediation rate. AC is not commonly used for HMs removal but can effectively combine with phytoremediation techniques. Furthermore, we summarize the application of EK remediation on a field scale and the effects of EK remediation on soil resilience. Finally, we propose the following research prospects: (1) the development of enhanced technology should be based on practical considerations for application on a field scale, (2) soil resilience should be an important indicator for the evaluation of EK remediation, and (3) variation of HMs fraction before and after EK remediation need to be concerned.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535224001758Electrokinetic remediationHeavy metalsSoilEnhanced technology |
| spellingShingle | Xiaojun Zheng Qi Li Zongli Wang Ming Chen Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology: A review Arabian Journal of Chemistry Electrokinetic remediation Heavy metals Soil Enhanced technology |
| title | Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology: A review |
| title_full | Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology: A review |
| title_fullStr | Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology: A review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology: A review |
| title_short | Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology: A review |
| title_sort | remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic technology a review |
| topic | Electrokinetic remediation Heavy metals Soil Enhanced technology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535224001758 |
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