Chronic Effects of Carbamazepine, Progesterone and Their Mixtures at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Biochemical Markers of Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>)
The impact of pharmaceuticals on non-target organisms in the environment is of increasing concern and study. Pharmaceuticals and other pollutants are often present as mixtures in an environmental compartment. Studies on the toxicological implications of these drugs on fish, particularly as mixtures...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/9/1776 |
| _version_ | 1797491658856595456 |
|---|---|
| author | András Ács Xinyue Liang Illés Bock Jeffrey Griffitts Bence Ivánovics Erna Vásárhelyi Árpád Ferincz Zsolt Pirger Béla Urbányi Zsolt Csenki |
| author_facet | András Ács Xinyue Liang Illés Bock Jeffrey Griffitts Bence Ivánovics Erna Vásárhelyi Árpád Ferincz Zsolt Pirger Béla Urbányi Zsolt Csenki |
| author_sort | András Ács |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The impact of pharmaceuticals on non-target organisms in the environment is of increasing concern and study. Pharmaceuticals and other pollutants are often present as mixtures in an environmental compartment. Studies on the toxicological implications of these drugs on fish, particularly as mixtures at environmentally relevant concentrations, are very limited. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the chronic effects of the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine (CBZ) and progesterone (P4) at environmentally relevant concentrations, individually and in binary mixtures, applying a suite of biomarkers at the molecular level in zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>). The effects on biotransformation enzymes 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidases (GPxSe and GPxTOT), and glutathione reductase (GR), and markers of damage, such as DNA strand breaks (DNAsb), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and vitellogenin-like proteins (VTG), were evaluated. Analyses of the biochemical markers indicated that a synergistic dose-ratio-dependent effect of CBZ and P4 in zebrafish occurs after chronic exposure regarding VTG, biotransformation enzymes (EROD, GST), and oxidative stress marker (DNAsb). The results suggest a synergistic effect regarding VTG, thus indicating a high risk to the reproductive success of fish if these pharmaceuticals co-occur. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:52:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-056ccff40fb24ba59b904ac92fa6093d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:52:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-056ccff40fb24ba59b904ac92fa6093d2023-11-23T14:48:43ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-09-01119177610.3390/antiox11091776Chronic Effects of Carbamazepine, Progesterone and Their Mixtures at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Biochemical Markers of Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>)András Ács0Xinyue Liang1Illés Bock2Jeffrey Griffitts3Bence Ivánovics4Erna Vásárhelyi5Árpád Ferincz6Zsolt Pirger7Béla Urbányi8Zsolt Csenki9Department of Freshwater Fish Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryDepartment of Freshwater Fish Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryDepartment of Freshwater Fish Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryBalaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3, H-8237 Tihany, HungaryDepartment of Aquaculture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryThe impact of pharmaceuticals on non-target organisms in the environment is of increasing concern and study. Pharmaceuticals and other pollutants are often present as mixtures in an environmental compartment. Studies on the toxicological implications of these drugs on fish, particularly as mixtures at environmentally relevant concentrations, are very limited. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the chronic effects of the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine (CBZ) and progesterone (P4) at environmentally relevant concentrations, individually and in binary mixtures, applying a suite of biomarkers at the molecular level in zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>). The effects on biotransformation enzymes 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidases (GPxSe and GPxTOT), and glutathione reductase (GR), and markers of damage, such as DNA strand breaks (DNAsb), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and vitellogenin-like proteins (VTG), were evaluated. Analyses of the biochemical markers indicated that a synergistic dose-ratio-dependent effect of CBZ and P4 in zebrafish occurs after chronic exposure regarding VTG, biotransformation enzymes (EROD, GST), and oxidative stress marker (DNAsb). The results suggest a synergistic effect regarding VTG, thus indicating a high risk to the reproductive success of fish if these pharmaceuticals co-occur.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/9/1776carbamazepineprogesteroneoxidative stressfish biomarkerzebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>)chronic effects |
| spellingShingle | András Ács Xinyue Liang Illés Bock Jeffrey Griffitts Bence Ivánovics Erna Vásárhelyi Árpád Ferincz Zsolt Pirger Béla Urbányi Zsolt Csenki Chronic Effects of Carbamazepine, Progesterone and Their Mixtures at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Biochemical Markers of Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Antioxidants carbamazepine progesterone oxidative stress fish biomarker zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) chronic effects |
| title | Chronic Effects of Carbamazepine, Progesterone and Their Mixtures at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Biochemical Markers of Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) |
| title_full | Chronic Effects of Carbamazepine, Progesterone and Their Mixtures at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Biochemical Markers of Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Chronic Effects of Carbamazepine, Progesterone and Their Mixtures at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Biochemical Markers of Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chronic Effects of Carbamazepine, Progesterone and Their Mixtures at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Biochemical Markers of Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) |
| title_short | Chronic Effects of Carbamazepine, Progesterone and Their Mixtures at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Biochemical Markers of Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) |
| title_sort | chronic effects of carbamazepine progesterone and their mixtures at environmentally relevant concentrations on biochemical markers of zebrafish i danio rerio i |
| topic | carbamazepine progesterone oxidative stress fish biomarker zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) chronic effects |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/9/1776 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT andrasacs chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT xinyueliang chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT illesbock chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT jeffreygriffitts chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT benceivanovics chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT ernavasarhelyi chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT arpadferincz chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT zsoltpirger chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT belaurbanyi chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi AT zsoltcsenki chroniceffectsofcarbamazepineprogesteroneandtheirmixturesatenvironmentallyrelevantconcentrationsonbiochemicalmarkersofzebrafishidaniorerioi |