Non-Iterative, Unique, and Logical Formula-Based Technique to Determine Maximum Load Multiplier and Practical Load Multiplier for Both Transmission and Distribution Systems
In recent days, due to the increasing number of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and additional power consumption by domestic, commercial, and industrial consumers, the overall power system performance suffers, which further degrades voltage profile, reduces stability, increases losses, an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/12/4724 |
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| author | Sharmistha Nandi Sriparna Roy Ghatak Parimal Acharjee Fernando Lopes |
| author_facet | Sharmistha Nandi Sriparna Roy Ghatak Parimal Acharjee Fernando Lopes |
| author_sort | Sharmistha Nandi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent days, due to the increasing number of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and additional power consumption by domestic, commercial, and industrial consumers, the overall power system performance suffers, which further degrades voltage profile, reduces stability, increases losses, and may also create a voltage collapse problem. Therefore, it is crucial to predetermine a maximum loadability limit for voltage collapse analysis and a practical allowable extra load for safe and secure operation, keeping the bus voltage within the security limits. To mitigate the problems, unique and innovative formulae such as the maximum load multiplier (MLM) and practical load multiplier (PLM) have been developed to consider line resistance. The determination of actual permissible extra load for a bus enables quick assessment of bus-wise suitable capacities and the number of EVs that can be charged simultaneously in the charging station. The planning engineers can easily settle on the extra load demand by domestic, commercial, and industrial consumers, while maintaining the voltage security constraint. The proposed technique is simple, non-iterative, computationally inexpensive, and applicable to both transmission and distribution systems. The proposed work is tested on a 57-bus transmission system and 69-bus radial distribution system, and the obtained results from the developed formulae are verified by comparing with conventional iterative methods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:31:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05768fda6b6a43edb9a86bd4d2a0a3af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:31:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-05768fda6b6a43edb9a86bd4d2a0a3af2023-11-18T10:13:16ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-06-011612472410.3390/en16124724Non-Iterative, Unique, and Logical Formula-Based Technique to Determine Maximum Load Multiplier and Practical Load Multiplier for Both Transmission and Distribution SystemsSharmistha Nandi0Sriparna Roy Ghatak1Parimal Acharjee2Fernando Lopes3School of Electrical Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, IndiaSchool of Electrical Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, IndiaElectrical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, IndiaNational Laboratory of Energy and Geology, 1649-038 Lisbon, PortugalIn recent days, due to the increasing number of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and additional power consumption by domestic, commercial, and industrial consumers, the overall power system performance suffers, which further degrades voltage profile, reduces stability, increases losses, and may also create a voltage collapse problem. Therefore, it is crucial to predetermine a maximum loadability limit for voltage collapse analysis and a practical allowable extra load for safe and secure operation, keeping the bus voltage within the security limits. To mitigate the problems, unique and innovative formulae such as the maximum load multiplier (MLM) and practical load multiplier (PLM) have been developed to consider line resistance. The determination of actual permissible extra load for a bus enables quick assessment of bus-wise suitable capacities and the number of EVs that can be charged simultaneously in the charging station. The planning engineers can easily settle on the extra load demand by domestic, commercial, and industrial consumers, while maintaining the voltage security constraint. The proposed technique is simple, non-iterative, computationally inexpensive, and applicable to both transmission and distribution systems. The proposed work is tested on a 57-bus transmission system and 69-bus radial distribution system, and the obtained results from the developed formulae are verified by comparing with conventional iterative methods.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/12/4724maximum load multiplierpractical load multipliernon-iterative unique logical formulavoltage limittransmission and distribution systems |
| spellingShingle | Sharmistha Nandi Sriparna Roy Ghatak Parimal Acharjee Fernando Lopes Non-Iterative, Unique, and Logical Formula-Based Technique to Determine Maximum Load Multiplier and Practical Load Multiplier for Both Transmission and Distribution Systems Energies maximum load multiplier practical load multiplier non-iterative unique logical formula voltage limit transmission and distribution systems |
| title | Non-Iterative, Unique, and Logical Formula-Based Technique to Determine Maximum Load Multiplier and Practical Load Multiplier for Both Transmission and Distribution Systems |
| title_full | Non-Iterative, Unique, and Logical Formula-Based Technique to Determine Maximum Load Multiplier and Practical Load Multiplier for Both Transmission and Distribution Systems |
| title_fullStr | Non-Iterative, Unique, and Logical Formula-Based Technique to Determine Maximum Load Multiplier and Practical Load Multiplier for Both Transmission and Distribution Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Iterative, Unique, and Logical Formula-Based Technique to Determine Maximum Load Multiplier and Practical Load Multiplier for Both Transmission and Distribution Systems |
| title_short | Non-Iterative, Unique, and Logical Formula-Based Technique to Determine Maximum Load Multiplier and Practical Load Multiplier for Both Transmission and Distribution Systems |
| title_sort | non iterative unique and logical formula based technique to determine maximum load multiplier and practical load multiplier for both transmission and distribution systems |
| topic | maximum load multiplier practical load multiplier non-iterative unique logical formula voltage limit transmission and distribution systems |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/12/4724 |
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