Recent Onset Cardiometabolic Effects amongst Patients Started on Psychotropics: A Cohort Study
Introduction: Mortality rates in schizophrenia patients due to cardiovascular events are reported to be more than the general population. Dyslipidaemia, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are some of the common illnesses these patients are vulnerable to develop. The drugs which are used to trea...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/17063/55817_final%20file_F[SK]_PF1(AG_OM)_PFA(SS)_PB(AG_SS)_PN(SS).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Mortality rates in schizophrenia patients due to
cardiovascular events are reported to be more than the general
population. Dyslipidaemia, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension
are some of the common illnesses these patients are vulnerable
to develop. The drugs which are used to treat schizophrenia
and other related disorders i.e. antipsychotics causes increase
in weight, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance in some patients.
Some agent’s i.e. Second Generation Antipsychotics (SGA)
cause more of the above mentioned symptoms and than others
agent’s i.e. First Generation Antipsychotics (FGA). The novelty
of the study includes the emergence of Metabolic syndrome
(MetS) in drug naïve or drug free patients who were prescribed
trifluoperazine and olanzapine and comparative study of them.
Aim: To assess the emergence of MetS in drug naïve patients
of schizophrenia after the administration of trifluoperazine-FGA
and olanzapine-SGA.
Materials and Methods: A cohort study was conducted from
May 2019 to March 2021, in the Department of Psychiatry,
Shyam Shah Medical College, and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh,
India. Study was started after the clearance from institutional
ethical committee. The study included 41 drug naïve indoor
and outdoor patients, diagnosed as schizophrenia according to International Classification of Diseases 10 Diagnostic Criteria
for Research (ICD 10 DCR). The patients were divided into two
groups, one group was prescribed FGA trifluoperazine and
other was prescribed SGA olanzapine. Twenty patients were
prescribed olanzapine and 21 patient’s trifluoperazine. Metabolic
parameters were taken before onset of drug treatment therapy,
after two and four months respectively. The patients were
given medications for four months. The changes in metabolic
parameters i.e., waist circumference, blood pressure, Fasting
Blood Sugar (FBS), triglycerides, and Low HDL (High Density
Lipoprotein) were compared using unpaired student’s t-test and
repeated measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with p-value
<0.05 considered as significant.
Results: It was found that out of total 41 patient, 4 patients
(19.4%) and 12 patients (60%) patients prescribed trifluoperazine
and olanzapine respectively developed Mets after four months
of antipsychotic medication. Also, there was a significant
change in various parameters of MetS in both groups as seen in
repeated measure ANOVA.
Conclusion: SGA cause significantly more changes in the
metabolic parameters and compared to the FGA, increasing
the likelihood of developing MetS and associated disorders like
cerebrovascular accidents and diabetes mellitus type-II. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |