Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in Kampala, Uganda.
The prevalence of HIV in Uganda is 7.3%, and yet nearly 40% of people living with HIV are unaware of their status. The current HIV testing policy which is strictly blood-based poses several challenges including: a need for high level laboratory skills, stringent waste disposal needs, and painful sam...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5568333?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818015278421770240 |
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| author | Joanita Nangendo Ekwaro A Obuku Ismael Kawooya John Mukisa Annet Nalutaaya Angella Musewa Fred C Semitala Charles A Karamagi Joan N Kalyango |
| author_facet | Joanita Nangendo Ekwaro A Obuku Ismael Kawooya John Mukisa Annet Nalutaaya Angella Musewa Fred C Semitala Charles A Karamagi Joan N Kalyango |
| author_sort | Joanita Nangendo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The prevalence of HIV in Uganda is 7.3%, and yet nearly 40% of people living with HIV are unaware of their status. The current HIV testing policy which is strictly blood-based poses several challenges including: a need for high level laboratory skills, stringent waste disposal needs, and painful sample collection. It is envisaged that introduction of a rapid, painless HIV oral fluid test as a potential alternative is likely to increase the number of people testing. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending Kisenyi Health Centre IV in Kampala.We conducted a cross-sectional study among 440 adults recruited consecutively at Kisenyi Health Centre IV from January to March 2016. The diagnostic accuracy of the HIV oral test was assessed by comparing to the national HIV serial testing algorithm. We also assessed for acceptability among patients and health care workers (HCWs) by triangulating responses from a structured questionnaire, three focus group discussions and seven key informant interviews. Acceptability was defined as willingness to take the test at the time of the study and intention for future use of the test if it was availed. The prevalence of HIV infection among study participants was 14.8%. The HIV oral fluid test was highly accurate with sensitivity of 100% (95% CI; 94.5-100.0), specificity of 100% (95% CI; 99.0-100.0), positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% (95% CI; 94.5-100.0) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% (95% CI; 99.0-100.0). Acceptability of HIV oral testing was also high at 87.0% (95% CI; 83.6-89.9). Participants preferred HIV oral testing because it was: pain free (91%, n = 399) and did not require blood draw (82%, n = 360).The HIV oral fluid test has high diagnostic accuracy and acceptability. HIV oral testing is a suitable addition to the national HIV testing strategies with the potential of increasing access to HIV testing services in Uganda. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:54:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-058b484afd8b4e61b50772d34cea8b98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:54:52Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-058b484afd8b4e61b50772d34cea8b982022-12-22T02:06:55ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-01128e018205010.1371/journal.pone.0182050Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in Kampala, Uganda.Joanita NangendoEkwaro A ObukuIsmael KawooyaJohn MukisaAnnet NalutaayaAngella MusewaFred C SemitalaCharles A KaramagiJoan N KalyangoThe prevalence of HIV in Uganda is 7.3%, and yet nearly 40% of people living with HIV are unaware of their status. The current HIV testing policy which is strictly blood-based poses several challenges including: a need for high level laboratory skills, stringent waste disposal needs, and painful sample collection. It is envisaged that introduction of a rapid, painless HIV oral fluid test as a potential alternative is likely to increase the number of people testing. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending Kisenyi Health Centre IV in Kampala.We conducted a cross-sectional study among 440 adults recruited consecutively at Kisenyi Health Centre IV from January to March 2016. The diagnostic accuracy of the HIV oral test was assessed by comparing to the national HIV serial testing algorithm. We also assessed for acceptability among patients and health care workers (HCWs) by triangulating responses from a structured questionnaire, three focus group discussions and seven key informant interviews. Acceptability was defined as willingness to take the test at the time of the study and intention for future use of the test if it was availed. The prevalence of HIV infection among study participants was 14.8%. The HIV oral fluid test was highly accurate with sensitivity of 100% (95% CI; 94.5-100.0), specificity of 100% (95% CI; 99.0-100.0), positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% (95% CI; 94.5-100.0) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% (95% CI; 99.0-100.0). Acceptability of HIV oral testing was also high at 87.0% (95% CI; 83.6-89.9). Participants preferred HIV oral testing because it was: pain free (91%, n = 399) and did not require blood draw (82%, n = 360).The HIV oral fluid test has high diagnostic accuracy and acceptability. HIV oral testing is a suitable addition to the national HIV testing strategies with the potential of increasing access to HIV testing services in Uganda.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5568333?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Joanita Nangendo Ekwaro A Obuku Ismael Kawooya John Mukisa Annet Nalutaaya Angella Musewa Fred C Semitala Charles A Karamagi Joan N Kalyango Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in Kampala, Uganda. PLoS ONE |
| title | Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in Kampala, Uganda. |
| title_full | Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in Kampala, Uganda. |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in Kampala, Uganda. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in Kampala, Uganda. |
| title_short | Diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid HIV oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in Kampala, Uganda. |
| title_sort | diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of rapid hiv oral testing among adults attending an urban public health facility in kampala uganda |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5568333?pdf=render |
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