The impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the Female TEA Ratio: A PMG-ARDL approach in an urban context
The purpose of this article is to improve our understanding of the factors that influence the Female/Male Total Early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) ratio in urban environments. Its goal is to provide policymakers with a solid scientific foundation as well as to suggest new research directions...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
EDP Sciences
2023-01-01
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| Series: | E3S Web of Conferences |
| Online Access: | https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2023/55/e3sconf_acc2023_04002.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797740219604140032 |
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| author | Azmi Kamal Azmi Rida |
| author_facet | Azmi Kamal Azmi Rida |
| author_sort | Azmi Kamal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this article is to improve our understanding of the factors that influence the Female/Male Total Early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) ratio in urban environments. Its goal is to provide policymakers with a solid scientific foundation as well as to suggest new research directions in the field of female entrepreneurship. The study focuses on how macroenvironmental factors influence the Female/Male TEA Ratio in urban contexts within BRICS countries. Several key factors are considered in the analysis, including entrepreneurial finance, government support policies, entrepreneurship support programs, commercial and legal infrastructure, and physical infrastructure. The research findings confirm the hypothesis that commercial and legal infrastructure, as well as government measures to support entrepreneurship, have a negative long-term influence on the Female/Male TEA Ratio by using the PMG-ARDL method and examining data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Furthermore, the findings show that entrepreneurship support programs and physical infrastructure have a positive impact on the ratio. However, no significant impact on entrepreneurial finance has been observed in both the short and long term. The article emphasizes the importance of taking into account the regional dimension when developing entrepreneurship support policies, as well as the unique characteristics of each urban area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:09:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-059ab8a1abef441580c2c4db180156a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2267-1242 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:09:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | E3S Web of Conferences |
| spelling | doaj.art-059ab8a1abef441580c2c4db180156a82023-08-21T09:02:53ZengEDP SciencesE3S Web of Conferences2267-12422023-01-014180400210.1051/e3sconf/202341804002e3sconf_acc2023_04002The impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the Female TEA Ratio: A PMG-ARDL approach in an urban contextAzmi Kamal0Azmi Rida1UCD/FSJES-El_Jadida, Lab:LARGESSCenter of Urban SystemsCUS, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University of Ben-Gurire – UM6PThe purpose of this article is to improve our understanding of the factors that influence the Female/Male Total Early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) ratio in urban environments. Its goal is to provide policymakers with a solid scientific foundation as well as to suggest new research directions in the field of female entrepreneurship. The study focuses on how macroenvironmental factors influence the Female/Male TEA Ratio in urban contexts within BRICS countries. Several key factors are considered in the analysis, including entrepreneurial finance, government support policies, entrepreneurship support programs, commercial and legal infrastructure, and physical infrastructure. The research findings confirm the hypothesis that commercial and legal infrastructure, as well as government measures to support entrepreneurship, have a negative long-term influence on the Female/Male TEA Ratio by using the PMG-ARDL method and examining data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Furthermore, the findings show that entrepreneurship support programs and physical infrastructure have a positive impact on the ratio. However, no significant impact on entrepreneurial finance has been observed in both the short and long term. The article emphasizes the importance of taking into account the regional dimension when developing entrepreneurship support policies, as well as the unique characteristics of each urban area.https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2023/55/e3sconf_acc2023_04002.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Azmi Kamal Azmi Rida The impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the Female TEA Ratio: A PMG-ARDL approach in an urban context E3S Web of Conferences |
| title | The impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the Female TEA Ratio: A PMG-ARDL approach in an urban context |
| title_full | The impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the Female TEA Ratio: A PMG-ARDL approach in an urban context |
| title_fullStr | The impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the Female TEA Ratio: A PMG-ARDL approach in an urban context |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the Female TEA Ratio: A PMG-ARDL approach in an urban context |
| title_short | The impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the Female TEA Ratio: A PMG-ARDL approach in an urban context |
| title_sort | impact of infrastructure and entrepreneurship support programs on the female tea ratio a pmg ardl approach in an urban context |
| url | https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2023/55/e3sconf_acc2023_04002.pdf |
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