Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater
Abstract Fifty-four groundwater samples were collected from the highly industrialized area of north Chennai. These groundwater samples were tested for Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cr in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods of 2015–2016. Most of the samples in the area were found to have high concentra...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Applied Water Science |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-020-01321-0 |
| _version_ | 1818404184038309888 |
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| author | S. R. Mahapatra T. Venugopal A. Shanmugasundaram L. Giridharan M. Jayaprakash |
| author_facet | S. R. Mahapatra T. Venugopal A. Shanmugasundaram L. Giridharan M. Jayaprakash |
| author_sort | S. R. Mahapatra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Fifty-four groundwater samples were collected from the highly industrialized area of north Chennai. These groundwater samples were tested for Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cr in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods of 2015–2016. Most of the samples in the area were found to have high concentration of heavy metals. Geographical information system was used to develop contour maps for the analysis of heavy metals, and it has been found that most of the Ambattur area was affected by the heavy metals in both the seasons. ANOVA tests were carried out on the hydro-chemical data for both the monsoon periods, and it was found that there was a common source of origin for most of the heavy metals, which was also confirmed by the correlation and principal component analysis. T-test indicates that there was a common source of origin of heavy metals in the study area, viz. industrial and domestic pollutants, that were found to be the main source of heavy metals in both the monsoon periods. Principal component analysis gave three important factors (principal components) for both the seasons. Pre-monsoon groundwater samples showed a common cause of origin of heavy metals than the post-monsoon samples. Heavy metal pollution index indicates that almost all the samples were not fit for drinking purpose in both the monsoon periods and metal index also indicates the non-usability of the water for drinking purpose. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:36:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05a01f647cf44c80be1d17e2134f1d5d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-5487 2190-5495 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:36:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Water Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-05a01f647cf44c80be1d17e2134f1d5d2022-12-21T23:09:24ZengSpringerOpenApplied Water Science2190-54872190-54952020-11-01101211710.1007/s13201-020-01321-0Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwaterS. R. Mahapatra0T. Venugopal1A. Shanmugasundaram2L. Giridharan3M. Jayaprakash4Department of Applied Geology, University of MadrasDepartment of Chemistry, Government College of EngineeringDepartment of Applied Geology, University of MadrasDepartment of Geology and miningDepartment of Applied Geology, University of MadrasAbstract Fifty-four groundwater samples were collected from the highly industrialized area of north Chennai. These groundwater samples were tested for Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cr in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods of 2015–2016. Most of the samples in the area were found to have high concentration of heavy metals. Geographical information system was used to develop contour maps for the analysis of heavy metals, and it has been found that most of the Ambattur area was affected by the heavy metals in both the seasons. ANOVA tests were carried out on the hydro-chemical data for both the monsoon periods, and it was found that there was a common source of origin for most of the heavy metals, which was also confirmed by the correlation and principal component analysis. T-test indicates that there was a common source of origin of heavy metals in the study area, viz. industrial and domestic pollutants, that were found to be the main source of heavy metals in both the monsoon periods. Principal component analysis gave three important factors (principal components) for both the seasons. Pre-monsoon groundwater samples showed a common cause of origin of heavy metals than the post-monsoon samples. Heavy metal pollution index indicates that almost all the samples were not fit for drinking purpose in both the monsoon periods and metal index also indicates the non-usability of the water for drinking purpose.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-020-01321-0GroundwaterHeavy metal indexGISMultivariate statistical analysis |
| spellingShingle | S. R. Mahapatra T. Venugopal A. Shanmugasundaram L. Giridharan M. Jayaprakash Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater Applied Water Science Groundwater Heavy metal index GIS Multivariate statistical analysis |
| title | Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater |
| title_full | Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater |
| title_fullStr | Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater |
| title_short | Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater |
| title_sort | heavy metal index and geographical information system gis approach to study heavy metal contamination a case study of north chennai groundwater |
| topic | Groundwater Heavy metal index GIS Multivariate statistical analysis |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-020-01321-0 |
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