Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk
Abstract Background It is known that human milk fortifiers (HMF) increases osmolality of human milk (HM) but some aspects of fortification have not been deeply investigated. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of fortification on the osmolality of donor human milk (DHM) and mother’s own milk (MOM) ov...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Italian Journal of Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01463-2 |
| _version_ | 1797801281523286016 |
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| author | Serena Elia Martina Ciarcià Nicoletta Cini Francesca Luceri Mauro Leucio Mattei Francesca Miselli Silvia Perugi Alessandra Fanelli Carlo Dani |
| author_facet | Serena Elia Martina Ciarcià Nicoletta Cini Francesca Luceri Mauro Leucio Mattei Francesca Miselli Silvia Perugi Alessandra Fanelli Carlo Dani |
| author_sort | Serena Elia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background It is known that human milk fortifiers (HMF) increases osmolality of human milk (HM) but some aspects of fortification have not been deeply investigated. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of fortification on the osmolality of donor human milk (DHM) and mother’s own milk (MOM) over 72 h of storage using two commercial fortifiers and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) supplementation. Methods Pasteurized DHM and unpasteurized preterm MOM were fortified with 4% PreNAN FM85, 4% PreNAN FM85 plus 2% MCT, or 4% Aptamil BMF. Osmolality was measured in unfortified DHM and MOM and, moreover, just after fortification (T0), and after 6 (T6), 24 (T24) and 72 h (T72) to determine the effect of mixing and storage. Results Unfortified DHM and MOM did not show changes of osmolality. Fortification increased osmolality of DHM and MOM without changes during the study period, except for Aptamil BMF which increased osmolality of MOM. The addition of MCT to fortified human milk (FHM) did not affect its osmolality. Conclusions Changes of osmolality in the 72 h following fortification of both DHM and MOM did not exceed the safety values supporting the theoretically possibility of preparing 72 h volumes of FHM. Supplementation with MCT of FHM does not change osmolality suggesting that increasing energy intake in preterm infants via this approach is safe. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:48:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-05aa6357772046e7b2a38695dbcc6316 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1824-7288 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:48:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Italian Journal of Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-05aa6357772046e7b2a38695dbcc63162023-06-18T11:20:50ZengBMCItalian Journal of Pediatrics1824-72882023-06-014911510.1186/s13052-023-01463-2Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milkSerena Elia0Martina Ciarcià1Nicoletta Cini2Francesca Luceri3Mauro Leucio Mattei4Francesca Miselli5Silvia Perugi6Alessandra Fanelli7Carlo Dani8Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceDivision of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceGeneral Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceGeneral Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceGeneral Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceDivision of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceDivision of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceGeneral Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceDivision of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of FlorenceAbstract Background It is known that human milk fortifiers (HMF) increases osmolality of human milk (HM) but some aspects of fortification have not been deeply investigated. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of fortification on the osmolality of donor human milk (DHM) and mother’s own milk (MOM) over 72 h of storage using two commercial fortifiers and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) supplementation. Methods Pasteurized DHM and unpasteurized preterm MOM were fortified with 4% PreNAN FM85, 4% PreNAN FM85 plus 2% MCT, or 4% Aptamil BMF. Osmolality was measured in unfortified DHM and MOM and, moreover, just after fortification (T0), and after 6 (T6), 24 (T24) and 72 h (T72) to determine the effect of mixing and storage. Results Unfortified DHM and MOM did not show changes of osmolality. Fortification increased osmolality of DHM and MOM without changes during the study period, except for Aptamil BMF which increased osmolality of MOM. The addition of MCT to fortified human milk (FHM) did not affect its osmolality. Conclusions Changes of osmolality in the 72 h following fortification of both DHM and MOM did not exceed the safety values supporting the theoretically possibility of preparing 72 h volumes of FHM. Supplementation with MCT of FHM does not change osmolality suggesting that increasing energy intake in preterm infants via this approach is safe.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01463-2Human milkFortificationOsmolalityMedium-chain triglycerides |
| spellingShingle | Serena Elia Martina Ciarcià Nicoletta Cini Francesca Luceri Mauro Leucio Mattei Francesca Miselli Silvia Perugi Alessandra Fanelli Carlo Dani Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk Italian Journal of Pediatrics Human milk Fortification Osmolality Medium-chain triglycerides |
| title | Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk |
| title_full | Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk |
| title_fullStr | Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk |
| title_short | Effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk |
| title_sort | effect of fortification on the osmolality of human milk |
| topic | Human milk Fortification Osmolality Medium-chain triglycerides |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01463-2 |
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